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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 281901 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of mother delivering in a hospital | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 6 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO169 | 37 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 281902 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 4 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 32.2 | 21.1 | 45.7 | 27 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO4 | 47 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 281903 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | RARELY | % | Percentage | 20.5 | 17.5 | 23.7 | 150 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 41 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES33 | |||
| 281904 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - did not want others to think she was at risk for HIV | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1569 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO140 | 5 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 281905 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 47.8 | 38.5 | 57.4 | 84 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 44 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 281906 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of whether residence contains one or more bathrooms | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 97.3 | 95.8 | 98.2 | 761 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO325 | 31 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES41 | |||
| 281907 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 11.6 | 9.3 | 14.3 | 78 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 15 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 281908 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your cervix have have to be sewn shut (incompetent cervix cerclage) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 39 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO151 | 25 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 281909 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | Indicator of insurance before pregnancy (excluding Medicaid) (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 30.2 | 24.8 | 36.2 | 129 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO310 | 54 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 281910 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3 | 0.5 | 17.1 | 3 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 8 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 281911 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | (*PCH) Indicator of health insurance coverage in the month before pregnancy (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 64.8 | 61.1 | 68.3 | 976 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO227 | 41 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES40 | |||
| 281912 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraceptive use at time of pregnancy among women with an unintended pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 43.6 | 31 | 57 | 26 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO3 | 56 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 281913 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you argued with your husband or partner more than usual | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO197 | 15 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES23 | ||||||
| 281914 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Smoke Exposure | Indicator of whether baby is exposed to cigarette smoke. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2.3 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 41 | None | None | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP24 | QUO12 | 34 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 281915 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you argued with your husband or partner more than usual | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.6 | 12.5 | 19.3 | 84 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO197 | 49 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 281916 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 7 days for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97.7 | 96.7 | 98.4 | 669 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO19 | 26 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 281917 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she or partner was sterile | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO164 | 49 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES24 | ||||||
| 281918 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 91 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 41 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 281919 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 32.7 | 29.9 | 35.6 | 366 | None | None | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 50 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 281920 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 11.1 | 8.4 | 14.6 | 60 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 27 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 281921 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.3 | 84.8 | 89.5 | 813 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO318 | 34 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 281922 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97.3 | 95.6 | 98.3 | 1304 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 8 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 281923 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - aid such as TANF, welfare, WIC, Food Stamps, or SSI (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 67 | 48.8 | 81.3 | 28 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO299 | 39 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 281924 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 98 | 95.6 | 99.1 | 804 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 53 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 281925 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | SMOKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 6.5 | 0.9 | 33.7 | 1 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 55 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES34 | |||
| 281926 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 21.8 | 14.2 | 32.1 | 64 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 13 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 281927 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how much weight you should gain during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO217 | 56 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 281928 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 86 | 82.5 | 88.9 | 460 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 56 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 281929 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #DRKS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 3 | 1.5 | 5.8 | 13 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 34 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES3 | |||
| 281930 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby being discharged from hospital within 48 hours of birth. (for vaginal deliveries only) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 28.2 | 22 | 35.5 | 79 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO1 | 37 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 281931 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any financial-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 61 | 56.4 | 65.5 | 417 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO203 | 54 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 281932 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | Yes | % | Percentage | 61.4 | 57.4 | 65.2 | 570 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 26 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES48 | |||
| 281933 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI >= 30) or non-obese (BMI < 30) | PRAMS | NOT OBESE | % | Percentage | 67.4 | 56.4 | 76.7 | 73 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO220 | 55 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES112 | |||
| 281934 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 123 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 28 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 281935 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 6.6 | 2 | 19.3 | 8 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 24 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES41 | |||
| 281936 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - husband or partner does not want to | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 4.2 | 1.8 | 9.2 | 5 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO80 | 5 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES41 | |||
| 281937 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Were you injured in a car accident during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 99.5 | 96.8 | 99.9 | 190 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO150 | 34 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 281938 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.2 | 84.3 | 89.6 | 1432 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 24 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES23 | |||
| 281939 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 2.4 | 1.5 | 3.9 | 25 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO319 | 2 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES41 | |||
| 281940 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 84.7 | 81.7 | 87.2 | 955 | None | None | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 36 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 281941 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 88.5 | 73.6 | 95.5 | 45 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 27 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES24 | |||
| 281942 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did an ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.7 | 2.2 | 6.2 | 43 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO315 | 40 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 281943 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 82.4 | 78.6 | 85.7 | 466 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO242 | 42 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 281944 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $25,000 to $49,999 | % | Percentage | 15.7 | 7 | 31.6 | 9 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 5 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES6 | |||
| 281945 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born a close family member was very sick and had to go into the hospital | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 81.6 | 76.1 | 86.1 | 456 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO204 | 13 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 281946 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 45.7 | 39.4 | 52.2 | 190 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 5 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 281947 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Injury Prevention | Baby was brought home from the hospital in an infant car seat | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 3 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP40 | QUO187 | 54 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 281948 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 78.1 | 70.6 | 84.2 | 180 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 2 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 281949 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.8 | 8 | 25.6 | 14 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 13 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 281950 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.8 | 94.1 | 98.3 | 353 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO313 | 25 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
