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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 285351 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how much weight you should gain during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 16.2 | 13.9 | 18.9 | 133 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO217 | 50 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 285352 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how smoking during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 18.5 | 15.1 | 22.4 | 88 | OTHER | Marital Status | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO40 | 34 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 285353 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1383 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Mother Hispanic | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 41 | BOC8 | BOC8 | |||||||
| 285354 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Where do you usually take your baby for well-baby checkups? | PRAMS | MD / HMO | % | Percentage | 73.3 | 68.6 | 77.5 | 315 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO337 | 36 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES138 | |||
| 285355 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 90 | 84.6 | 93.6 | 205 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 42 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 285356 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 0 | % | Percentage | 43.3 | 37.4 | 49.5 | 198 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 47 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES114 | |||
| 285357 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Infant Health | Smoke Exposure | Indicator of whether baby is exposed to cigarette smoke. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 92.9 | 89.5 | 95.2 | 497 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA8 | TOP24 | QUO12 | 28 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 285358 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she or partner was sterile | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 6.4 | 3 | 12.8 | 10 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO164 | 37 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES41 | |||
| 285359 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1159 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 41 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 285360 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 46.1 | 40.2 | 52.1 | 185 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 26 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 285361 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | < 1/day | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 34 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES8 | ||||||
| 285362 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 88.5 | 82.8 | 92.5 | 185 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 17 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 285363 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - some other reason | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 15.1 | 9.4 | 23.4 | 23 | OTHER | Marital Status | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO162 | 55 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES41 | |||
| 285364 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 14.6 | 8.4 | 24 | 18 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 50 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES9 | |||
| 285365 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1209 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Pregnancy Intendedness | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 27 | BOC11 | BOC11 | |||||||
| 285366 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 14.6 | 10.8 | 19.5 | 71 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 28 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES2 | |||
| 285367 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - aid such as TANF, welfare, WIC, Food Stamps, or SSI (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 52 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO299 | 55 | BOC14 | BOC14 | |||||||
| 285368 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 2 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 31 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 285369 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | After your baby was born was he or she put in an intensive care unit? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 12.4 | 9.4 | 16.2 | 193 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO15 | 24 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 285370 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | (*PCH) Indicator for whether mother smoked during the three months before getting pregnant | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 13.3 | 10 | 17.5 | 64 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO30 | 23 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 285371 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 25.9 | 17.7 | 36.2 | 48 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 53 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES1 | |||
| 285372 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 87.8 | 83 | 91.4 | 371 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 47 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 285373 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - currently pregnant | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 93.9 | 86.7 | 97.3 | 120 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO85 | 8 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES24 | |||
| 285374 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from a business, fees, dividends or rental income | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 5.4 | 4.1 | 7 | 56 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO302 | 34 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES41 | |||
| 285375 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any vaginal bleeding during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 10 | 5.8 | 16.5 | 54 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO149 | 13 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 285376 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 840 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 50 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 285377 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 55 | 47.4 | 62.4 | 187 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 5 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 285378 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | NORMAL (18.5-24.9) | % | Percentage | 53.2 | 44.7 | 61.4 | 115 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 26 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES42 | |||
| 285379 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 49.9 | 43.7 | 56.1 | 158 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 42 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 285380 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 82.3 | 80.3 | 84.1 | 1270 | None | None | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 17 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 285381 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | NO PREV LIVE BRTH | % | Percentage | 41.8 | 37.1 | 46.6 | 339 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 47 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES59 | |||
| 285382 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | STOMACH | % | Percentage | 8.8 | 6.7 | 11.4 | 60 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 34 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES68 | |||
| 285383 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 31.1 | 27.3 | 35.2 | 201 | OTHER | Marital Status | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 17 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 285384 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born a close family member was very sick and had to go into the hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 21 | 18.1 | 24.3 | 235 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO204 | 25 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 285385 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | Indicator of ever having teeth cleaned | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 75 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Pregnancy Intendedness | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO92 | 2 | BOC11 | BOC11 | |||||||
| 285386 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 46 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 49 | BOC13 | BOC13 | |||||||
| 285387 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - some other reason | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 8.9 | 4.4 | 17.2 | 7 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO138 | 15 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES41 | |||
| 285388 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | None (0 cig) | % | Percentage | 74.3 | 70.6 | 77.6 | 345 | OTHER | Marital Status | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 34 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES27 | |||
| 285389 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any vaginal bleeding during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.6 | 83.5 | 90.8 | 308 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO149 | 34 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 285390 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - some other reason | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO162 | 37 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES24 | ||||||
| 285391 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 21-40/day | % | Percentage | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 6 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 34 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES11 | |||
| 285392 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you got separated or divorced from your husband or partner | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.3 | 1.6 | 6.6 | 24 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO201 | 13 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 285393 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any placenta problems (such as abruptio placental placenta previa) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.7 | 2.7 | 8.2 | 24 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO157 | 47 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 285394 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | SMOKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.3 | 3 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 34 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES34 | |||
| 285395 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 21-40/day | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0 | 1.3 | 1 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 13 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES11 | |||
| 285396 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were homeless | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 23 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO206 | 8 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 285397 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 1.5 | 0.6 | 3.5 | 13 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 36 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES9 | |||
| 285398 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Were you injured in a car accident during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2.7 | 1.5 | 4.8 | 12 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO150 | 53 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 285399 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 46 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 44 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 285400 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any vaginal bleeding during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 81 | 63.5 | 91.3 | 25 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO149 | 49 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES23 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
