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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 287051 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | After your baby was born was he or she put in an intensive care unit? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 26 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO15 | 49 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 287052 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraceptive use at time of pregnancy among women with an unintended pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 45 | 36.7 | 53.7 | 79 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO3 | 42 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 287053 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 43.9 | 38.1 | 49.8 | 158 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 37 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 287054 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $10,000 to $24,999 | % | Percentage | 22.8 | 20.8 | 24.9 | 346 | None | None | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 15 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES5 | |||
| 287055 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether prenatal care was paid for by insurance through the military | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 100 | 43 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO368 | 13 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES24 | |||||
| 287056 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | NO PREV LIVE BRTH | % | Percentage | 43.4 | 37.5 | 49.5 | 115 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 10 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES59 | |||
| 287057 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 8 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 48.5 | 42.3 | 54.6 | 187 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO44 | 47 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 287058 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 65.5 | 58.5 | 71.8 | 169 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 37 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 287059 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Were you injured in a car accident during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 4 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO150 | 56 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 287060 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 59 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 39 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 287061 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 84.2 | 80.9 | 87.1 | 603 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 37 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 287062 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | WIC | During your pregnancy were you on WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children)? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 61 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Pregnancy Intendedness | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA10 | TOP25 | QUO43 | 53 | BOC11 | BOC11 | |||||||
| 287063 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Non-Medicaid | % | Percentage | 45.6 | 41.8 | 49.4 | 485 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 5 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES108 | |||
| 287064 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Location | Where did you go most of the time for your prenatal visits? | PRAMS | Hlth Dept Clinic | % | Percentage | 2.9 | 1.7 | 4.9 | 22 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA11 | TOP57 | QUO331 | 54 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES136 | |||
| 287065 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother received Medicaid coverage for prenatal care. | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 38.4 | 35.2 | 41.8 | 630 | None | None | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO25 | 39 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES41 | |||
| 287066 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you have your teeth cleaned? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 56.2 | 51.5 | 60.9 | 524 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO75 | 8 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 287067 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 27 | 22.9 | 31.5 | 140 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO5 | 44 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 287068 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you need to see a dentist for a problem? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO93 | 24 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 287069 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | ALWAYS | % | Percentage | 31.9 | 26.4 | 38 | 132 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 2 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES15 | |||
| 287070 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother currently smokes | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.3 | 11.9 | 19.4 | 81 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO32 | 44 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 287071 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 1 day for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.5 | 8.1 | 11.1 | 135 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO240 | 15 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 287072 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | DID NOT WANT | % | Percentage | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 4 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 54 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES49 | |||
| 287073 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.9 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 26 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 8 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 287074 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Adequacy of Prenatal Care (Kessner index) | PRAMS | INTERMEDIATE PNC | % | Percentage | 24.4 | 19.1 | 30.7 | 82 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO145 | 55 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES20 | |||
| 287075 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - social security, worker's compensation, disability, veterans benefits, or pensions (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 98.3 | 95.5 | 99.4 | 185 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO308 | 27 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES24 | |||
| 287076 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how drinking alcohol during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 85.2 | 68.6 | 93.8 | 28 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO38 | 10 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 287077 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 96.2 | 93.9 | 97.7 | 547 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 49 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES24 | |||
| 287078 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in the past 2 years? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 19.6 | 16.2 | 23.4 | 210 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO329 | 8 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 287079 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Were you injured in a car accident during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 100 | 63 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO150 | 26 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||||
| 287080 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.6 | 85.8 | 92.4 | 422 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 39 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 287081 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | No | % | Percentage | 15 | 11.5 | 19.4 | 77 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 24 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES47 | |||
| 287082 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 89.8 | 83.6 | 93.9 | 168 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 17 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES24 | |||
| 287083 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about what to do if your labor starts early? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 75.6 | 68.9 | 81.3 | 263 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO66 | 5 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 287084 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 11.1 | 7.1 | 17.1 | 25 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 44 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES41 | |||
| 287085 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | OK (NOT LBW OR PRETERM) | % | Percentage | 1 | 0.3 | 3.3 | 4 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 2 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES60 | |||
| 287086 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | None (0 cig) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 23 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES27 | ||||||
| 287087 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether Medicaid paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 29.1 | 18.7 | 42.1 | 45 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO267 | 13 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES41 | |||
| 287088 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1255 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 31 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 287089 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 6.4 | 4.6 | 8.8 | 31 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 50 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 287090 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 6-10/day | % | Percentage | 35.3 | 25.5 | 46.6 | 41 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 36 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES13 | |||
| 287091 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | EVERY DAY/WEEK | % | Percentage | 41.6 | 37.7 | 45.6 | 249 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 10 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES72 | |||
| 287092 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.6 | 3.7 | 8.4 | 49 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO317 | 8 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 287093 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 26.6 | 20.8 | 33.2 | 89 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 53 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 287094 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception for those not trying to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 57 | 49.2 | 64.5 | 108 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO241 | 42 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 287095 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 75 | 67.4 | 81.4 | 210 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO242 | 5 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 287096 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Indicator of drinking any alcohol during the past two years | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 11 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO100 | 10 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 287097 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 98.7 | 95.7 | 99.6 | 246 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 44 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 287098 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any placenta problems (such as abruptio placental placenta previa) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.3 | 91.8 | 96.1 | 555 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO157 | 36 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 287099 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any placenta problems (such as abruptio placental placenta previa) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2 | 0.7 | 5.4 | 9 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO157 | 47 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 287100 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 4 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 84 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO4 | 5 | BOC3 | BOC3 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
