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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 290151 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 4 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 82.9 | 79.7 | 85.6 | 1000 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO4 | 8 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 290152 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Was your baby seen by a doctor nurse or other health care provider in the first week after he or she left the hospital? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 7.2 | 4.6 | 11.1 | 20 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO101 | 23 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 290153 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraceptive use at time of pregnancy among women with an unintended pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 47.7 | 40.4 | 55 | 167 | OTHER | Marital Status | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO3 | 53 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 290154 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $25,000 to $49,999 | % | Percentage | 22.7 | 18.8 | 27.1 | 110 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 55 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES6 | |||
| 290155 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 17.1 | 13.6 | 21.2 | 138 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 5 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES24 | |||
| 290156 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - not having sex | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1047 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO82 | 2 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 290157 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 46 | 40 | 52.2 | 249 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 8 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 290158 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any financial-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 66.6 | 60.4 | 72.2 | 225 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO203 | 54 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 290159 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Infant Health | Injury Prevention | There are loaded guns rifles or other firearms in the home | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2.3 | 0.3 | 14.6 | 1 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA8 | TOP40 | QUO186 | 42 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 290160 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #DRKS SAME OR MORE | % | Percentage | 2 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 31 | None | None | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 31 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES4 | |||
| 290161 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you argued with your husband or partner more than usual | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 37.3 | 25.4 | 50.9 | 61 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO197 | 41 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 290162 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did a dentist or dental worker talk to you about how to care for your teeth and gums? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 39.9 | 33.8 | 46.3 | 151 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO94 | 47 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 290163 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89 | 87 | 90.7 | 1026 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 34 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 290164 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born a close family member was very sick and had to go into the hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 16.4 | 8.6 | 29.1 | 10 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO204 | 49 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 290165 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 24 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | On WIC during Pregnancy | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 55 | BOC10 | BOC10 | |||||||
| 290166 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Non-Medicaid | % | Percentage | 68 | 64.3 | 71.4 | 475 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 50 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES108 | |||
| 290167 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Maternal Health Care | (*PCH) Since your new baby was born have you had a postpartum checkup for yourself? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP52 | QUO244 | 50 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES23 | ||||||
| 290168 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | "3-5" | % | Percentage | 30.4 | 25.1 | 36.3 | 76 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 42 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES122 | |||
| 290169 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Was your baby seen by a doctor nurse or other health care provider in the first week after he or she left the hospital? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 92.4 | 88.5 | 95 | 336 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO101 | 31 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 290170 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | Indicator of insurance before pregnancy (excluding Medicaid) (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 18 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO310 | 36 | BOC13 | BOC13 | |||||||
| 290171 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 64.4 | 50.5 | 76.2 | 91 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 24 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 290172 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 20.3 | 18.3 | 22.5 | 343 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 49 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 290173 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.8 | 82.5 | 91.7 | 185 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 55 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 290174 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Pregnancy Outcome | Indicator of infant currently alive | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 99.6 | 99.1 | 99.8 | 1054 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP43 | QUO143 | 54 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 290175 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 64.9 | 55.9 | 73 | 148 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 39 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 290176 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not want to use birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 81.3 | 65 | 91.1 | 21 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO87 | 2 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES24 | |||
| 290177 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | SOMETIMES | % | Percentage | 15 | 12.6 | 17.8 | 149 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 26 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES35 | |||
| 290178 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 23 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Number of Previous Live Births | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 27 | BOC20 | BOC20 | |||||||
| 290179 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 1.8 | 1 | 3.3 | 22 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 24 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES9 | |||
| 290180 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about breastfeeding your baby? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 85 | 80.3 | 88.7 | 361 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO37 | 56 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 290181 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 1-5/day | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 28 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES10 | ||||||
| 290182 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | "6-13" | % | Percentage | 11.4 | 9 | 14.4 | 99 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 28 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES120 | |||
| 290183 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3 | 1.8 | 4.9 | 49 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO313 | 41 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 290184 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about breastfeeding your baby? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 43 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Mother Hispanic | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO37 | 28 | BOC8 | BOC8 | |||||||
| 290185 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you need to see a dentist for a problem? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 42 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO93 | 37 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 290186 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in the past 2 years? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 79.8 | 76.5 | 82.7 | 521 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO329 | 10 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 290187 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any partner-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 45.5 | 39.7 | 51.4 | 249 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO210 | 25 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 290188 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of baby having a well-baby check-up | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 97 | 93.4 | 98.7 | 490 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO336 | 41 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 290189 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 27.9 | 20.4 | 36.9 | 49 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 34 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 290190 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | (*PCH) Indicator of whether mother reported frequent postpartum depressive symptoms(years 2004 - 2008). | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 86 | 78.9 | 91 | 267 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO74 | 13 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 290191 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 23 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES23 | ||||||
| 290192 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception for those not trying to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 62.5 | 53.4 | 70.8 | 97 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO241 | 37 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 290193 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you have your teeth cleaned? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 174 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO75 | 31 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 290194 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother received Medicaid coverage for prenatal care. | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 34.8 | 26.9 | 43.7 | 69 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO25 | 47 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES24 | |||
| 290195 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 14 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 27 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 290196 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how using illegal drugs could affect your baby? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 37.1 | 32.7 | 41.7 | 199 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO215 | 55 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 290197 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.7 | 95 | 97.9 | 1378 | None | None | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO313 | 41 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 290198 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 80 | 60.8 | 91.2 | 31 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 55 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 290199 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 47.6 | 36.7 | 58.8 | 51 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 44 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 290200 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you have your teeth cleaned? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 49.8 | 41.6 | 58.1 | 98 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO75 | 36 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
