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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 293501 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | "6-13" | % | Percentage | 5.6 | 3.8 | 8.2 | 27 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 56 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES120 | |||
| 293502 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | SMOKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 0.1 | 0 | 0.4 | 1 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 8 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES34 | |||
| 293503 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any financial-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 59.4 | 55.8 | 63 | 1167 | None | None | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO203 | 40 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 293504 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | (*PCH) Indicator of unwanted pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO265 | 47 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 293505 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 4 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 36 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES67 | |||
| 293506 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 44 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 53 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 293507 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | When you got pregnant with your new baby were you trying to become pregnant? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 47 | 43.8 | 50.3 | 642 | None | None | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO257 | 44 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 293508 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Adequacy of Prenatal Care (Kessner index) | PRAMS | UNKNOWN PNC | % | Percentage | 12.5 | 9.3 | 16.5 | 91 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO145 | 39 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES38 | |||
| 293509 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were homeless | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.8 | 94.2 | 98.2 | 555 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO206 | 24 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 293510 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 84.2 | 79.1 | 88.2 | 205 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 15 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 293511 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you argued with your husband or partner more than usual | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 26.6 | 21.8 | 32 | 223 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO197 | 41 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 293512 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 20.2 | 16.3 | 24.9 | 104 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 55 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 293513 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 99.7 | 98.2 | 100 | 61 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 36 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES24 | |||
| 293514 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 65.8 | 42.3 | 83.5 | 27 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 36 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES24 | |||
| 293515 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | Yes | % | Percentage | 49.2 | 44.2 | 54.3 | 370 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 25 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES48 | |||
| 293516 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 97.6 | 96.3 | 98.5 | 1255 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO324 | 8 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES24 | |||
| 293517 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were homeless | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97.1 | 95.1 | 98.4 | 404 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO206 | 10 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 293518 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother quit smoking during pregnancy (for smokers only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 54 | 37.4 | 69.7 | 50 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO69 | 41 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 293519 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any vaginal bleeding during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 27 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | On WIC during Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO149 | 8 | BOC10 | BOC10 | |||||||
| 293520 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 14 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO324 | 55 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 293521 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 50 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES23 | ||||||
| 293522 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any financial-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 68.5 | 62.4 | 74 | 397 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO203 | 8 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 293523 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 11.9 | 6.8 | 20 | 27 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 27 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 293524 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 16.9 | 14.3 | 19.8 | 245 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 39 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES2 | |||
| 293525 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you need to see a dentist for a problem? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 19 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO93 | 10 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 293526 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 78.2 | 75.1 | 81.1 | 566 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 28 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES23 | |||
| 293527 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO313 | 54 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES23 | ||||||
| 293528 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.8 | 12.4 | 17.6 | 137 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 26 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 293529 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 57 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Mother Hispanic | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 8 | BOC8 | BOC8 | |||||||
| 293530 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 37 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 25 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 293531 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $50,000 or more | % | Percentage | 60.2 | 55.6 | 64.7 | 279 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 50 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES7 | |||
| 293532 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 5.5 | 3.7 | 8.1 | 33 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 44 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES29 | |||
| 293533 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 75.1 | 72.7 | 77.4 | 874 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO322 | 15 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 293534 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | The baby's weight classified as low birth weight (LBW) if the weight was less than or equal to 2500 grams or normal birth weight (NBW) if the weight was greater than 2500 grams | PRAMS | LBW (<=2500g) | % | Percentage | 4.6 | 4.2 | 5 | 194 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO7 | 2 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES118 | |||
| 293535 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 82.6 | 79.6 | 85.2 | 672 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 39 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES24 | |||
| 293536 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did a dentist or dental worker talk to you about how to care for your teeth and gums? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 59.6 | 56.3 | 62.8 | 528 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO94 | 37 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES23 | |||
| 293537 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you need to see a dentist for a problem? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.2 | 81.2 | 88.6 | 714 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO93 | 24 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 293538 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 1.1 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 10 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 37 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES41 | |||
| 293539 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Preconception Morbidity | (*PCH) During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby did you have high blood pressure (hypertension)? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.7 | 2.3 | 9.4 | 10 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP42 | QUO130 | 27 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 293540 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 13.6 | 10.5 | 17.4 | 52 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 10 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 293541 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | Yes | % | Percentage | 57.8 | 53.8 | 61.6 | 674 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 25 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES48 | |||
| 293542 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | When you got pregnant with your new baby were you trying to become pregnant? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 59.1 | 55.7 | 62.4 | 525 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO257 | 34 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 293543 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a blood transfusion during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.1 | 1.7 | 5.7 | 13 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO237 | 17 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 293544 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | BACK/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 8 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 34 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES64 | |||
| 293545 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.1 | 6.7 | 12.3 | 66 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 28 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 293546 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | OBESE (30.0 + ) | % | Percentage | 23.5 | 21.1 | 26.1 | 375 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 26 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES43 | |||
| 293547 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 4.4 | 2.4 | 7.9 | 24 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 8 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES41 | |||
| 293548 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 34 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES9 | ||||||
| 293549 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 19.8 | 9.1 | 38.1 | 7 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 26 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES41 | |||
| 293550 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 1.7 | 0.7 | 4.1 | 5 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 42 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES1 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
