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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 301201 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 80.9 | 63.4 | 91.1 | 32 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 8 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 301202 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | NORMAL (18.5-24.9) | % | Percentage | 59.6 | 54.9 | 64 | 451 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 53 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES42 | |||
| 301203 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having diabetes that began before recent pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 98.2 | 96.1 | 99.2 | 296 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO152 | 10 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 301204 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother received Medicaid coverage for prenatal care. | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 24.8 | 21.3 | 28.8 | 260 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO25 | 53 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES41 | |||
| 301205 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you argued with your husband or partner more than usual | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 21.3 | 16.7 | 26.9 | 156 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO197 | 41 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 301206 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 41 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 55 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 301207 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 12.9 | 10.9 | 15.1 | 123 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 15 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 301208 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.1 | 6.3 | 13 | 34 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO313 | 42 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 301209 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you died | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 76 | 70 | 81.1 | 246 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO199 | 56 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 301210 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - social security, worker's compensation, disability, veterans benefits, or pensions (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 2.2 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 23 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO308 | 39 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES41 | |||
| 301211 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you had a lot of bills you could not pay | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 23 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO198 | 31 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 301212 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 22 | 18.4 | 26.1 | 124 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 49 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 301213 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 89.3 | 87.3 | 91 | 1201 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 17 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES41 | |||
| 301214 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.1 | 10.5 | 21.3 | 42 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO317 | 23 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 301215 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her back to sleep | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 148 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO28 | 37 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 301216 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 23.2 | 19.7 | 27.1 | 340 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 40 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 301217 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether Medicaid paid for delivery | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 13 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | On WIC during Pregnancy | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO267 | 37 | BOC10 | BOC10 | |||||||
| 301218 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | (*PCH) Indicator of health insurance coverage in the month before pregnancy (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 69.6 | 63.2 | 75.2 | 204 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO227 | 42 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 301219 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your cervix have have to be sewn shut (incompetent cervix cerclage) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 99.1 | 97.6 | 99.7 | 412 | OTHER | Marital Status | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO151 | 50 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 301220 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you have your teeth cleaned? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO75 | 53 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES23 | ||||||
| 301221 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - social security, worker's compensation, disability, veterans benefits, or pensions (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 98.5 | 97.3 | 99.2 | 813 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO308 | 15 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES24 | |||
| 301222 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 3.4 | 1.3 | 8.4 | 5 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 25 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES1 | |||
| 301223 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 17 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO313 | 26 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 301224 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 59 | 52.9 | 64.9 | 309 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 39 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 301225 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 36 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES41 | ||||||
| 301226 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 6.7 | 4.2 | 10.5 | 15 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 50 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 301227 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | After your baby was born was he or she put in an intensive care unit? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 11.3 | 9.9 | 12.8 | 348 | None | None | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO15 | 49 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 301228 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | OBESE (30.0 + ) | % | Percentage | 27.9 | 21.2 | 35.8 | 54 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 44 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES43 | |||
| 301229 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - not having sex | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 66.3 | 51.1 | 78.8 | 26 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO82 | 56 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES24 | |||
| 301230 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.4 | 90.7 | 96.7 | 350 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 54 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 301231 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 14 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 2 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 301232 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 1.4 | 0.5 | 4.3 | 4 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 53 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 301233 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - previously tested for HIV | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO137 | 25 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES41 | ||||||
| 301234 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.6 | 0.2 | 9.9 | 1 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 44 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 301235 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Infant Health | Pregnancy Outcome | Indicator of infant currently alive | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 98.8 | 95.1 | 99.7 | 138 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA8 | TOP43 | QUO143 | 10 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 301236 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | After your baby was born was he or she put in an intensive care unit? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 11.8 | 8.6 | 15.9 | 100 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO15 | 54 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 301237 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 95.2 | 92.7 | 96.9 | 419 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 10 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 301238 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | LATER | % | Percentage | 51.9 | 43.3 | 60.5 | 79 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 56 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES109 | |||
| 301239 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - did not think she was at risk for HIV | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO139 | 53 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES41 | ||||||
| 301240 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 7.8 | 1.7 | 29.5 | 3 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 25 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES9 | |||
| 301241 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 8 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 49.6 | 43.3 | 55.8 | 270 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO44 | 24 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 301242 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 84 | 79.9 | 87.5 | 614 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 8 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 301243 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | DRINKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 62.9 | 59.1 | 66.5 | 429 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 50 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES17 | |||
| 301244 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | STOMACH | % | Percentage | 10.2 | 8.5 | 12.3 | 101 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 15 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES68 | |||
| 301245 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 1 day for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.2 | 11.8 | 19.3 | 153 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO240 | 47 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 301246 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 87.4 | 84 | 90.2 | 449 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 34 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 301247 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #DRKS SAME OR MORE | % | Percentage | 4.9 | 1.2 | 17.9 | 4 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 2 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES4 | |||
| 301248 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.2 | 83.1 | 90.4 | 375 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 37 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 301249 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94.4 | 73.5 | 99.1 | 39 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 47 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES24 | |||
| 301250 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.2 | 1.7 | 5.9 | 15 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 26 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
