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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 301551 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 50 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES24 | ||||||
| 301552 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner said he did not want you to be pregnant. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9 | 5.9 | 13.5 | 21 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO33 | 10 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 301553 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from a business, fees, dividends or rental income | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 93.3 | 90.3 | 95.4 | 521 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO302 | 36 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES24 | |||
| 301554 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of mother delivering in a hospital | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 5.5 | 2.9 | 10.1 | 10 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO169 | 42 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 301555 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were homeless | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.7 | 2.4 | 5.8 | 31 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO206 | 27 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 301556 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Infant Health | Injury Prevention | There are loaded guns rifles or other firearms in the home | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 131 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA8 | TOP40 | QUO186 | 25 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 301557 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | "6-13" | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 53 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES120 | ||||||
| 301558 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 1.9 | 1 | 3.3 | 27 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 28 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 301559 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 20 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 26 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 301560 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 0.8 | 0.1 | 5.5 | 1 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 53 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 301561 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you had a lot of bills you could not pay | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 35.3 | 26.8 | 44.8 | 102 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO198 | 24 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 301562 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - currently pregnant | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 97.8 | 92.3 | 99.4 | 92 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO85 | 10 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES24 | |||
| 301563 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | BACK | % | Percentage | 77.9 | 74.1 | 81.3 | 582 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 36 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES63 | |||
| 301564 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of sufficient well-baby care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 86.4 | 83.7 | 88.8 | 692 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO42 | 34 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 301565 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NONSMOKER | % | Percentage | 84 | 78.5 | 88.3 | 378 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 13 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES28 | |||
| 301566 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | 1-3 TIMES/WEEK | % | Percentage | 9.7 | 7.2 | 13 | 60 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 39 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES69 | |||
| 301567 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | WIC | During your pregnancy were you on WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children)? | PRAMS | WIC | % | Percentage | 65.4 | 57.5 | 72.5 | 122 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA10 | TOP25 | QUO43 | 56 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES51 | |||
| 301568 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you go to a dentist or dental clinic? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 138 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO95 | 39 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 301569 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 71.7 | 67.7 | 75.4 | 405 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 27 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 301570 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | < 1/day | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 4 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 37 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES8 | |||
| 301571 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 61 | 53.5 | 68.1 | 167 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 2 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 301572 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how much weight you should gain during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 23.9 | 21 | 27.2 | 301 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO217 | 39 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 301573 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 56.9 | 36.8 | 75 | 19 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 23 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 301574 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | BACK/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.4 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 3 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 55 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES64 | |||
| 301575 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 97.3 | 95.1 | 98.5 | 684 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 39 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 301576 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKER | % | Percentage | 70.3 | 66 | 74.3 | 413 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 56 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES28 | |||
| 301577 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | (*PCH) Indicator of previous preterm birth | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 81.5 | 76.1 | 85.8 | 196 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO176 | 25 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 301578 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | LATER | % | Percentage | 17.9 | 15 | 21.3 | 117 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 34 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES109 | |||
| 301579 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any severe nausea vomiting or dehydration during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 65.6 | 46.9 | 80.4 | 38 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO156 | 28 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 301580 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Preconception Morbidity | During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby did you have anemia (poor blood low iron)? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 8 | 6.6 | 9.8 | 140 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP42 | QUO132 | 54 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 301581 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | Did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about baby blues or postpartum depression during pregnancy or after your delivery? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 80.7 | 69.8 | 88.4 | 76 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO97 | 42 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 301582 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 7.2 | 4.5 | 11.2 | 27 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 44 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES9 | |||
| 301583 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 72.5 | 68.7 | 75.9 | 579 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO5 | 26 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 301584 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 55 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES23 | ||||||
| 301585 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 97.9 | 94.3 | 99.3 | 31 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 24 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES24 | |||
| 301586 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any vaginal bleeding during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.1 | 13 | 17.5 | 181 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO149 | 17 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 301587 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 1-5/day | % | Percentage | 0.6 | 0.1 | 2.7 | 2 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 17 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES10 | |||
| 301588 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 26 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES24 | ||||||
| 301589 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE/BACK | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 13 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES66 | ||||||
| 301590 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE | % | Percentage | 2.7 | 0.5 | 13.5 | 3 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 36 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES65 | |||
| 301591 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 1 day for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 83.8 | 78.8 | 87.9 | 283 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO240 | 47 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 301592 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about what to do if your labor starts early? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 23.3 | 16.3 | 32.1 | 46 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO66 | 47 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 301593 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | (*PCH) Indicator of whether mother reported frequent postpartum depressive symptoms(years 2004 - 2008). | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.8 | 85.2 | 93.1 | 280 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO74 | 55 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 301594 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 11 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Number of Previous Live Births | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 56 | BOC20 | BOC20 | |||||||
| 301595 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother currently smokes | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 15 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO32 | 36 | BOC13 | BOC13 | |||||||
| 301596 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 99.2 | 98 | 99.7 | 638 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 10 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 301597 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.9 | 92.6 | 96.4 | 532 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 56 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 301598 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.9 | 1 | 3.3 | 21 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 36 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 301599 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | NORMAL (18.5-24.9) | % | Percentage | 57 | 45.6 | 67.8 | 85 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 31 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES42 | |||
| 301600 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | Did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about baby blues or postpartum depression during pregnancy or after your delivery? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 64 | 59.2 | 68.5 | 658 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO97 | 13 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
