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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 305701 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 80.8 | 74.6 | 85.8 | 332 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 53 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 305702 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | DID NOT WANT | % | Percentage | 27.1 | 20.7 | 34.7 | 76 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 5 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES49 | |||
| 305703 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about what to do if your labor starts early? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 13.7 | 11.1 | 16.8 | 89 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO66 | 17 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 305704 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | After your baby was born was he or she put in an intensive care unit? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 56 | 53.3 | 58.6 | 288 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO15 | 44 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES40 | |||
| 305705 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | LBW | % | Percentage | 2.5 | 1.1 | 5.6 | 8 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 37 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES57 | |||
| 305706 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | None (0 cig) | % | Percentage | 85.6 | 81.8 | 88.7 | 596 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 53 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES27 | |||
| 305707 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 134 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Pregnancy Intendedness | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 15 | BOC11 | BOC11 | |||||||
| 305708 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | < 1/day | % | Percentage | 1.1 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 6 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 39 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES8 | |||
| 305709 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | When you got pregnant with your new baby were you trying to become pregnant? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 8.8 | 6.2 | 12.4 | 50 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO257 | 53 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 305710 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKER | % | Percentage | 65.5 | 47 | 80.2 | 29 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 37 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES28 | |||
| 305711 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 15 | 11.9 | 18.6 | 177 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO5 | 40 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 305712 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 66.1 | 55.6 | 75.2 | 111 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 47 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 305713 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | Indicator of insurance before pregnancy (excluding Medicaid) (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 51.4 | 46.1 | 56.6 | 399 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO310 | 8 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 305714 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 26.7 | 20 | 34.8 | 60 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO242 | 47 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 305715 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | Have you ever heard or read that taking the vitamin folic acid can help prevent some birth defects? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 26.5 | 23.1 | 30.2 | 181 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO126 | 17 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 305716 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 27 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 27 | BOC6 | BOC6 | |||||||
| 305717 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - social security, worker's compensation, disability, veterans benefits, or pensions (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 8.3 | 4.4 | 15.2 | 15 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO308 | 36 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES41 | |||
| 305718 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Maternal Health Care | (*PCH) Since your new baby was born have you had a postpartum checkup for yourself? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 11.1 | 7.6 | 16 | 61 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP52 | QUO244 | 13 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 305719 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you had a lot of bills you could not pay | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 78.5 | 72.6 | 83.4 | 287 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO198 | 2 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 305720 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 3 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 31 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 305721 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for delivery | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 14 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO318 | 34 | BOC6 | BOC6 | |||||||
| 305722 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 48.2 | 38.9 | 57.6 | 110 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 8 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 305723 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 62.1 | 56.1 | 67.8 | 286 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO5 | 5 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 305724 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | (*PCH) Indicator of unwanted pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.5 | 3 | 6.7 | 22 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO265 | 10 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 305725 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 90.3 | 87 | 92.8 | 504 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 42 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 305726 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 95.6 | 93.5 | 97 | 645 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 17 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES24 | |||
| 305727 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 5 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 34 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 305728 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | < 1/day | % | Percentage | 0.8 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 3 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 37 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES8 | |||
| 305729 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | Indicator of insurance before pregnancy (excluding Medicaid) (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 68.6 | 64.7 | 72.2 | 531 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO310 | 23 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 305730 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Indicator of whether mother reported having any alcoholic drinks during the last 3 months of pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.4 | 0.8 | 29.7 | 3 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO9 | 13 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 305731 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any trauma-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 58.6 | 40.4 | 74.8 | 28 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO212 | 37 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 305732 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how smoking during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 92 | 85.9 | 95.6 | 141 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO40 | 50 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 305733 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 99.6 | 98.6 | 99.9 | 263 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 53 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 305734 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 85.9 | 81.6 | 89.3 | 608 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 8 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 305735 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether Medicaid paid for delivery | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 6 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO267 | 40 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 305736 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.1 | 2.3 | 7.2 | 13 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO318 | 34 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 305737 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | DID NOT WANT | % | Percentage | 7.9 | 5.8 | 10.5 | 39 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 15 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES49 | |||
| 305738 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did an ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.1 | 1 | 9.2 | 3 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO315 | 37 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 305739 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her back to sleep | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 76.3 | 71.5 | 80.5 | 242 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO28 | 31 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 305740 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 91.1 | 80.3 | 96.3 | 107 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 41 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 305741 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | (*PCH) Indicator for whether mother smoked during the three months before getting pregnant | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 33 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Mother Hispanic | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO30 | 42 | BOC8 | BOC8 | |||||||
| 305742 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | UNDERWT ( < 18.5) | % | Percentage | 1.1 | 0.2 | 7.3 | 1 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 53 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES45 | |||
| 305743 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 66.9 | 63.8 | 69.9 | 1013 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO318 | 31 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 305744 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 0.1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 26 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES29 | |||
| 305745 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Infant Health | Injury Prevention | Home has a working smoke alarm | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 99.7 | 97.6 | 100 | 88 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA8 | TOP40 | QUO188 | 42 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 305746 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 9.7 | 7.1 | 13 | 40 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 54 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 305747 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 1 day for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 46.6 | 36.6 | 56.8 | 53 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO240 | 34 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES40 | |||
| 305748 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how drinking alcohol during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 70 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO38 | 39 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 305749 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 4.5 | 3.2 | 6.4 | 37 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 50 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES9 | |||
| 305750 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Non-Medicaid | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 56 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES108 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
