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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 307901 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about getting your blood tested for HIV? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 78.8 | 75.4 | 81.8 | 505 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO39 | 10 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 307902 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 86.1 | 79.5 | 90.8 | 155 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 49 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 307903 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - social security, worker's compensation, disability, veterans benefits, or pensions (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 93.5 | 85.5 | 97.2 | 84 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO308 | 23 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES24 | |||
| 307904 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | (*PCH) Indicator of intended pregnancy | PRAMS | Intended | % | Percentage | 64.3 | 61.5 | 67 | 873 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO16 | 27 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES19 | |||
| 307905 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her back to sleep | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 68.3 | 61.9 | 74.1 | 183 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO28 | 17 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 307906 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 8 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 68 | 63.6 | 72 | 401 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO44 | 28 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 307907 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 39 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 8 | BOC12 | BOC12 | |||||||
| 307908 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 54 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES23 | ||||||
| 307909 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 68 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Pregnancy Intendedness | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 27 | BOC11 | BOC11 | |||||||
| 307910 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how smoking during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 36.4 | 30.4 | 42.9 | 139 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO40 | 5 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 307911 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | (*PCH) Indicator of previous preterm birth | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.9 | 8.5 | 24.8 | 37 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO176 | 39 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 307912 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.2 | 84.7 | 89.4 | 775 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 34 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 307913 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKER | % | Percentage | 79.7 | 64.3 | 89.6 | 37 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 17 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES28 | |||
| 307914 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 3 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 23 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 307915 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having diabetes that began before recent pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.5 | 0.8 | 2.7 | 19 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO152 | 25 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 307916 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any severe nausea vomiting or dehydration during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 31.4 | 27.7 | 35.3 | 292 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO156 | 31 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 307917 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 50 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES23 | ||||||
| 307918 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - afraid of getting test results | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO136 | 50 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES24 | ||||||
| 307919 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- husband or partner did not want to | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1387 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO160 | 49 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 307920 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you have your teeth cleaned? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 22.4 | 14.5 | 33.1 | 35 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO75 | 8 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 307921 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you got separated or divorced from your husband or partner | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 86.9 | 79.3 | 91.9 | 198 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO201 | 53 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 307922 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from a business, fees, dividends or rental income | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 47 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO302 | 13 | BOC6 | BOC6 | |||||||
| 307923 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she or partner was sterile | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 510 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO164 | 47 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 307924 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97.2 | 95.6 | 98.2 | 761 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 42 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 307925 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | THEN | % | Percentage | 42.9 | 39.7 | 46.2 | 464 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 42 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES111 | |||
| 307926 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 2.9 | 1.6 | 5.3 | 14 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 25 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES2 | |||
| 307927 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.8 | 2 | 7.2 | 13 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 34 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 307928 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | (*PCH) Indicator for whether mother smoked during the three months before getting pregnant | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.5 | 85.4 | 89.4 | 999 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO30 | 15 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 307929 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Experiences | Pregnancy Recognition | Pregnancy Confirmation after the First Trimester | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 91.8 | 88.2 | 94.4 | 332 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA12 | TOP18 | QUO34 | 13 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES23 | |||
| 307930 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 99.7 | 98.2 | 100 | 599 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 49 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 307931 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 88.5 | 82.4 | 92.7 | 196 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 39 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 307932 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Were you injured in a car accident during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97 | 93.1 | 98.7 | 231 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO150 | 55 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 307933 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | THEN | % | Percentage | 45.4 | 42.3 | 48.6 | 517 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 49 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES111 | |||
| 307934 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of mother delivering in a hospital | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 66 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | On WIC during Pregnancy | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO169 | 13 | BOC10 | BOC10 | |||||||
| 307935 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 2.3 | 1.4 | 3.8 | 20 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 34 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES41 | |||
| 307936 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any vaginal bleeding during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 86.1 | 83.5 | 88.4 | 865 | None | None | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO149 | 55 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 307937 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - cannot pay for birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0 | 0.6 | 1 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO84 | 23 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES41 | |||
| 307938 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of baby having a well-baby check-up | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 1 | 0.4 | 2.2 | 6 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO336 | 31 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 307939 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 10.1 | 4.5 | 20.9 | 6 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 50 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES29 | |||
| 307940 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | STILL HOSP | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 4 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 24 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES36 | |||
| 307941 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 6.1 | 3.4 | 10.6 | 17 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 47 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 307942 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother received Medicaid coverage for prenatal care. | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 55.6 | 48.6 | 62.4 | 164 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO25 | 44 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES41 | |||
| 307943 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - some other reason | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO138 | 5 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES41 | ||||||
| 307944 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you got separated or divorced from your husband or partner | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.7 | 5.5 | 16.5 | 21 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO201 | 54 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 307945 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 72.5 | 51.9 | 86.6 | 22 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO242 | 23 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 307946 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI > 29) or non-obese (BMI <= 29) | PRAMS | OBESE | % | Percentage | 37.4 | 32.6 | 42.3 | 267 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO72 | 28 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES113 | |||
| 307947 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she could not get pregnant at that time | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 74.8 | 62.5 | 84.1 | 43 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO165 | 34 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES24 | |||
| 307948 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 9.2 | 5.4 | 15.2 | 42 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 40 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES41 | |||
| 307949 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Just before you got pregnant were you on Medicaid? (years 2000 - 2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 16 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO17 | 34 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 307950 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | (*PCH) Indicator of mother having her teeth cleaned any time prior to pregnancy (years 2004 - 2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 95 | 92.3 | 96.7 | 398 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO272 | 31 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
