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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 313651 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 61 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 23 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 313652 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 35.3 | 31.9 | 38.8 | 396 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO5 | 54 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 313653 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 36 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Number of Previous Live Births | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 53 | BOC20 | BOC20 | |||||||
| 313654 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 96.6 | 91.8 | 98.6 | 415 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO319 | 40 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES24 | |||
| 313655 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 14.8 | 11.6 | 18.7 | 186 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 40 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 313656 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a blood transfusion during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 4 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO237 | 56 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 313657 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 19.5 | 12.4 | 29.2 | 25 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 2 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES41 | |||
| 313658 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Adequacy of Prenatal Care (Kessner index) | PRAMS | INADEQUATE PNC | % | Percentage | 5.6 | 2.8 | 10.7 | 11 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO145 | 23 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES18 | |||
| 313659 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | OBESE (30.0 + ) | % | Percentage | 24.8 | 20.5 | 29.8 | 81 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 10 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES43 | |||
| 313660 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 54.7 | 48 | 61.2 | 145 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 17 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 313661 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 1.3 | 0.7 | 2.4 | 17 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 54 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES1 | |||
| 313662 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | SOONER | % | Percentage | 31.4 | 27.6 | 35.5 | 231 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 23 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES110 | |||
| 313663 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.8 | 85.9 | 92.7 | 344 | OTHER | Marital Status | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 49 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 313664 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother received Medicaid coverage for prenatal care. | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 85.3 | 81.5 | 88.5 | 729 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO25 | 53 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES41 | |||
| 313665 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did a dentist or dental worker talk to you about how to care for your teeth and gums? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 141 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO94 | 8 | BOC14 | BOC14 | |||||||
| 313666 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 91.5 | 87.7 | 94.2 | 372 | OTHER | Marital Status | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 55 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 313667 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you need to see a dentist for a problem? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 24.5 | 19.7 | 30 | 121 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO93 | 39 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 313668 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- husband or partner did not want to | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 76.7 | 69.3 | 82.7 | 117 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO160 | 37 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES24 | |||
| 313669 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 11.2 | 7.5 | 16.4 | 39 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 47 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 313670 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | OFTEN/ALMOST ALWAYS | % | Percentage | 9.6 | 8 | 11.3 | 149 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 34 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES30 | |||
| 313671 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 41+/day | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0 | 1.3 | 1 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 15 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES12 | |||
| 313672 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 44 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES41 | ||||||
| 313673 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 97.7 | 95.4 | 98.8 | 821 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 40 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 313674 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not want to use birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 13.4 | 6.1 | 26.9 | 14 | OTHER | Marital Status | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO87 | 53 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES41 | |||
| 313675 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about using a seat belt during your pregnancy ? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 60.5 | 47.6 | 72 | 47 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO36 | 42 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 313676 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- husband or partner did not want to | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1244 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO160 | 17 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 313677 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 80.9 | 78.5 | 83.1 | 1044 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO242 | 34 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 313678 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 6.9 | 5 | 9.3 | 69 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 53 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 313679 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 8.3 | 5.5 | 12.4 | 59 | OTHER | Marital Status | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 41 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 313680 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 13.5 | 9.8 | 18.3 | 40 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 55 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES1 | |||
| 313681 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 79.3 | 75.8 | 82.4 | 468 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 17 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 313682 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | DIDNT TAKE VITAMIN | % | Percentage | 53 | 49.9 | 56 | 618 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 17 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES71 | |||
| 313683 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 38 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 25 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 313684 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any partner-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 43.9 | 35.5 | 52.8 | 57 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO210 | 10 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 313685 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.4 | 0.5 | 4 | 9 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 25 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 313686 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $10,000 to $24,999 | % | Percentage | 9.3 | 5.6 | 15.1 | 22 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 36 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES5 | |||
| 313687 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 55 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES23 | ||||||
| 313688 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 12.5 | 10.5 | 15 | 148 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 31 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES2 | |||
| 313689 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about what to do if your labor starts early? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 88.9 | 83 | 92.9 | 267 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO66 | 13 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 313690 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your water break more than 3 weeks before your due date (premature rupture of membranes PROM) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.3 | 3.8 | 7.3 | 31 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO158 | 15 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 313691 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | ALL 3 POSITIONS | % | Percentage | 0.6 | 0.1 | 4.4 | 1 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 42 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES62 | |||
| 313692 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | 4-6 TIMES/WEEK | % | Percentage | 3.7 | 2.1 | 6.5 | 27 | OTHER | Marital Status | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 53 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES70 | |||
| 313693 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 77.2 | 70.5 | 82.8 | 174 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO318 | 56 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 313694 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether Medicaid paid for delivery | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 14 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO267 | 41 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 313695 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NONDRINKER | % | Percentage | 58.5 | 53.6 | 63.4 | 400 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 28 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES25 | |||
| 313696 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.6 | 7.7 | 11.9 | 83 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 17 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 313697 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 36 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES23 | ||||||
| 313698 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Infant Health | Smoke Exposure | Indicator of whether baby is exposed to cigarette smoke. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.6 | 91.1 | 96.8 | 269 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA8 | TOP24 | QUO12 | 10 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 313699 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | SMOKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 7.7 | 5.7 | 10.2 | 52 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 49 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES34 | |||
| 313700 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 75.1 | 68.4 | 80.7 | 246 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 39 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
