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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 323751 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | (*PCH) Indicator of unwanted pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 80.6 | 70.2 | 88 | 126 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO265 | 47 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 323752 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 90.4 | 87.7 | 92.5 | 628 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 49 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 323753 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 15 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 47 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 323754 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94 | 89.7 | 96.6 | 349 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 2 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES24 | |||
| 323755 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about doing tests to screen for birth defects or diseases that run in your family? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 92.1 | 88.4 | 94.7 | 319 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO67 | 56 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 323756 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 7.4 | 5.3 | 10.3 | 56 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 36 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 323757 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 1 day for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.2 | 80 | 89.2 | 274 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO240 | 34 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 323758 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 7 days for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2.1 | 1.2 | 3.6 | 51 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO19 | 8 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 323759 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraceptive use at time of pregnancy among women with an unintended pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 42.3 | 35.6 | 49.3 | 130 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO3 | 54 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 323760 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.8 | 0.9 | 3.3 | 14 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 23 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 323761 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 59.9 | 51.2 | 67.9 | 100 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 34 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 323762 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Non-Medicaid | % | Percentage | 41.1 | 37.3 | 44.9 | 344 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 54 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES108 | |||
| 323763 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 2.8 | 1.7 | 4.5 | 20 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 34 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES41 | |||
| 323764 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - currently pregnant | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO85 | 50 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES24 | ||||||
| 323765 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 83.2 | 78.6 | 86.9 | 548 | OTHER | Marital Status | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO317 | 53 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 323766 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.6 | 85.1 | 89.7 | 1222 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 8 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 323767 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - husband or partner does not want to | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO80 | 56 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES41 | ||||||
| 323768 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI > 29) or non-obese (BMI <= 29) | PRAMS | NOT OBESE | % | Percentage | 95.7 | 81.4 | 99.1 | 52 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO72 | 54 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES112 | |||
| 323769 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | ALWAYS | % | Percentage | 11.9 | 9.2 | 15.1 | 88 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 54 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES15 | |||
| 323770 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | < 1/day | % | Percentage | 1.1 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 5 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 39 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES8 | |||
| 323771 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $10,000 to $24,999 | % | Percentage | 13 | 10 | 16.6 | 78 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 44 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES5 | |||
| 323772 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - some other reason | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 91.1 | 84.9 | 94.9 | 144 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO138 | 49 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES24 | |||
| 323773 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.9 | 2.1 | 10.7 | 8 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 50 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 323774 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97.4 | 95.9 | 98.4 | 206 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 27 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 323775 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 3.4 | 2.4 | 4.8 | 39 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 17 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES1 | |||
| 323776 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | When you got pregnant with your new baby were you trying to become pregnant? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 86 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO257 | 44 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 323777 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO317 | 24 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 323778 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 19 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 47 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 323779 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were homeless | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 7.8 | 3.7 | 15.8 | 12 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO206 | 40 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 323780 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 45.3 | 37.2 | 53.7 | 135 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 39 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 323781 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby being discharged from hospital within 48 hours of birth. (for vaginal deliveries only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 78.5 | 73.3 | 82.9 | 221 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO1 | 15 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 323782 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 72.3 | 63.5 | 79.6 | 78 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 15 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 323783 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a blood transfusion during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 98.2 | 94.9 | 99.4 | 272 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO237 | 27 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 323784 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether infant usually sleeps in a shared bed. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 73.3 | 66.7 | 79 | 176 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO73 | 27 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 323785 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | WIC | During your pregnancy were you on WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children)? | PRAMS | Non-WIC | % | Percentage | 24.9 | 17.1 | 34.8 | 53 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA10 | TOP25 | QUO43 | 8 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES50 | |||
| 323786 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 112 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO324 | 26 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 323787 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NONSMOKER | % | Percentage | 44.8 | 39.3 | 50.5 | 203 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 54 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES28 | |||
| 323788 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.7 | 3.3 | 6.8 | 42 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 31 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 323789 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how much weight you should gain during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 28 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO217 | 50 | BOC13 | BOC13 | |||||||
| 323790 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.9 | 13.5 | 18.7 | 149 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO323 | 34 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 323791 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of baby having a well-baby check-up | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 189 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO336 | 40 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 323792 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | THEN | % | Percentage | 55.2 | 50.3 | 60.1 | 314 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 53 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES111 | |||
| 323793 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | (*PCH) Indicator of mother having her teeth cleaned any time prior to pregnancy (years 2004 - 2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 18.9 | 8.7 | 36.3 | 8 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO272 | 49 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 323794 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any severe nausea vomiting or dehydration during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 27.3 | 24.3 | 30.6 | 407 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO156 | 25 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES40 | |||
| 323795 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 95.4 | 91.9 | 97.4 | 571 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 13 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES24 | |||
| 323796 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 72.6 | 60.5 | 82.1 | 56 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 50 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 323797 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | BACK/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.5 | 0.1 | 3.5 | 1 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 27 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES64 | |||
| 323798 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - husband or partner does not want to | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1206 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO80 | 37 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 323799 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NONDRINKER | % | Percentage | 50.9 | 45.9 | 55.8 | 281 | OTHER | Marital Status | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 44 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES25 | |||
| 323800 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | PRETERM | % | Percentage | 4.1 | 2.5 | 6.6 | 20 | OTHER | Marital Status | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 49 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES61 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
