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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 325551 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 59.4 | 54.4 | 64.1 | 266 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 56 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 325552 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 4 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 56 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 325553 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 6-10/day | % | Percentage | 5 | 3.5 | 7 | 34 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 56 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES13 | |||
| 325554 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about doing tests to screen for birth defects or diseases that run in your family? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 92.9 | 83.5 | 97.2 | 192 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO67 | 40 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 325555 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 8.5 | 6 | 11.8 | 42 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 31 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES9 | |||
| 325556 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she could not get pregnant at that time | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 66.9 | 58.6 | 74.3 | 115 | OTHER | Marital Status | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO165 | 49 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES24 | |||
| 325557 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE/BACK | % | Percentage | 3.5 | 0.9 | 12.9 | 2 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 42 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES66 | |||
| 325558 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 3.5 | 2.3 | 5.3 | 64 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 40 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES41 | |||
| 325559 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she or partner was sterile | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 92.3 | 71.3 | 98.3 | 62 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO164 | 24 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES24 | |||
| 325560 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 2.9 | 2.2 | 3.9 | 48 | None | None | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 15 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 325561 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby being discharged from hospital within 48 hours of birth. (for vaginal deliveries only) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 23.8 | 20.2 | 27.8 | 211 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO1 | 44 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 325562 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 5.5 | 2.9 | 10.1 | 9 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 25 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 325563 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 5 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 10 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 325564 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 90 | 73 | 96.8 | 95 | OTHER | Marital Status | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 13 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES24 | |||
| 325565 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 91.9 | 74.5 | 97.8 | 38 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 47 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES24 | |||
| 325566 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 4.7 | 3.4 | 6.5 | 77 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 8 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES24 | |||
| 325567 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.5 | 95.4 | 97.3 | 1424 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 49 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 325568 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 64 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Pregnancy Intendedness | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 44 | BOC11 | BOC11 | |||||||
| 325569 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about medicines that are safe to take during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 85.7 | 77.2 | 91.4 | 136 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO216 | 56 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 325570 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | BACK/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.6 | 0.1 | 3.8 | 1 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 54 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES64 | |||
| 325571 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 7 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | On WIC during Pregnancy | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 23 | BOC10 | BOC10 | |||||||
| 325572 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.4 | 0.6 | 3.3 | 6 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 44 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 325573 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI > 29) or non-obese (BMI <= 29) | PRAMS | NOT OBESE | % | Percentage | 75.8 | 66.9 | 82.8 | 97 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO72 | 50 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES112 | |||
| 325574 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI >= 30) or non-obese (BMI < 30) | PRAMS | OBESE | % | Percentage | 29.1 | 23.8 | 35 | 122 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO220 | 28 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES113 | |||
| 325575 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did a dentist or dental worker talk to you about how to care for your teeth and gums? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 48.8 | 45 | 52.6 | 433 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO94 | 31 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 325576 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 53 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 34 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 325577 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 50.7 | 46 | 55.5 | 293 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 54 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 325578 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Preconception Morbidity | During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby did you have heart problems? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2.2 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 20 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP42 | QUO131 | 54 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 325579 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.7 | 95.2 | 97.7 | 1903 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO313 | 8 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES23 | |||
| 325580 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Family Planning | Assisted Reproduction | (*PCH) Indicator of receiving any fertility drugs or treatment (for those trying to get pregnant only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.2 | 11.4 | 19.9 | 60 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA4 | TOP50 | QUO222 | 25 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 325581 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 8.5 | 4.3 | 16.1 | 20 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 47 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES41 | |||
| 325582 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.4 | 92.5 | 95.8 | 847 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 17 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 325583 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraceptive use at time of pregnancy among women with an unintended pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 58.3 | 47.6 | 68.2 | 60 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO3 | 54 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 325584 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | None (0 cig) | % | Percentage | 86.1 | 83.5 | 88.3 | 1327 | None | None | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 53 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES27 | |||
| 325585 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | RARELY | % | Percentage | 10.3 | 6.7 | 15.6 | 16 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 41 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES33 | |||
| 325586 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 7 days for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 0.1 | 0 | 0.7 | 1 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO19 | 56 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 325587 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Adequacy of Prenatal Care (Kessner index) | PRAMS | INADEQUATE PNC | % | Percentage | 3.3 | 2.1 | 5.2 | 40 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO145 | 28 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES18 | |||
| 325588 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether delivery was paid for by insurance through the military | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 85.2 | 79.8 | 89.3 | 375 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO364 | 2 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES24 | |||
| 325589 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were homeless | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 10.2 | 8.8 | 11.9 | 180 | None | None | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO206 | 17 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 325590 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 99.4 | 97.5 | 99.8 | 444 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 23 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 325591 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 99 | 97.5 | 99.6 | 412 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO324 | 50 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES24 | |||
| 325592 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 8 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 70.4 | 66.1 | 74.4 | 651 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO44 | 8 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 325593 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 1 day for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87 | 81.3 | 91.1 | 192 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO240 | 2 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 325594 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.2 | 93.1 | 98 | 228 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 34 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 325595 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 77.5 | 68.3 | 84.7 | 165 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 47 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 325596 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any trauma-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 34.1 | 23.7 | 46.3 | 68 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO212 | 40 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 325597 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.9 | 82.4 | 88.7 | 421 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 37 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 325598 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any financial-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 71.4 | 67.7 | 74.8 | 460 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO203 | 10 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 325599 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 90 | 85.3 | 93.2 | 195 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 10 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES24 | |||
| 325600 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | (*PCH) Indicator of previous fetal death stillbirth or miscarriage | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.2 | 10.9 | 18.2 | 139 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO175 | 24 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
