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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 326901 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about breastfeeding your baby? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 87.6 | 84.2 | 90.3 | 375 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO37 | 37 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES40 | |||
| 326902 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 2.9 | 1.4 | 6.1 | 14 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 27 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES41 | |||
| 326903 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 93.7 | 88.6 | 96.6 | 148 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO319 | 49 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES24 | |||
| 326904 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - not having sex | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 74.3 | 64.9 | 81.9 | 103 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO82 | 37 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES24 | |||
| 326905 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | SOONER | % | Percentage | 23.2 | 19.5 | 27.2 | 95 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 49 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES110 | |||
| 326906 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having diabetes that began before recent pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.4 | 0.7 | 3 | 9 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO152 | 42 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 326907 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | STILL HOSP | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 2 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 50 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES36 | |||
| 326908 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether prenatal care was paid for by insurance through the military | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 7.4 | 4.5 | 12 | 13 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO368 | 53 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES41 | |||
| 326909 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Where do you usually take your baby for well-baby checkups? | PRAMS | Hospital Clinic | % | Percentage | 15.4 | 8.7 | 25.7 | 15 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO337 | 13 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES137 | |||
| 326910 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | DID NOT WANT | % | Percentage | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 3 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 49 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES49 | |||
| 326911 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Just before you got pregnant were you on Medicaid? (years 2000 - 2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.1 | 89.8 | 96.7 | 170 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO17 | 27 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 326912 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about medicines that are safe to take during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 81.5 | 68.4 | 89.9 | 48 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO216 | 17 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 326913 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | LBW | % | Percentage | 2.4 | 1.2 | 4.5 | 15 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 54 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES57 | |||
| 326914 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Infant Health | Smoke Exposure | Indicator of whether baby is exposed to cigarette smoke. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.1 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 10 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA8 | TOP24 | QUO12 | 2 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 326915 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | (*PCH) Indicator of previous preterm birth | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.1 | 82 | 91 | 207 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO176 | 53 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 326916 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | DRINKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 53.5 | 50 | 57 | 644 | None | None | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 2 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES17 | |||
| 326917 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Adequacy of Prenatal Care (Kessner index) | PRAMS | UNKNOWN PNC | % | Percentage | 11.3 | 7.8 | 15.9 | 29 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO145 | 10 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES38 | |||
| 326918 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 25.3 | 21.2 | 29.9 | 160 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 2 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 326919 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- didn't mind getting pregnant | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 49.9 | 43.8 | 56 | 148 | None | None | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO161 | 50 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES24 | |||
| 326920 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Indicator of no prenatal care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 99.4 | 98.7 | 99.7 | 1264 | None | None | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO171 | 44 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 326921 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | (*PCH) Indicator of previous preterm birth | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1033 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO176 | 8 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 326922 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $10,000 to $24,999 | % | Percentage | 38 | 33.9 | 42.4 | 278 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 26 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES5 | |||
| 326923 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 17 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | On WIC during Pregnancy | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 10 | BOC10 | BOC10 | |||||||
| 326924 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2 | 1.3 | 3 | 28 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 49 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 326925 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Location | Where did you go most of the time for your prenatal visits? | PRAMS | MD / HMO | % | Percentage | 59.2 | 54.1 | 64.2 | 246 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP57 | QUO331 | 49 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES138 | |||
| 326926 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother currently smokes | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 28 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO32 | 5 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 326927 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 0 | % | Percentage | 35.7 | 27.6 | 44.8 | 53 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 31 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES114 | |||
| 326928 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 82.6 | 66.6 | 91.9 | 22 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 31 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 326929 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 7 days for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.1 | 1.7 | 9.5 | 22 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO19 | 24 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 326930 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any severe nausea vomiting or dehydration during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 34.8 | 29.1 | 41 | 111 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO156 | 42 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 326931 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE/BACK | % | Percentage | 2.1 | 0.7 | 6.5 | 3 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 10 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES66 | |||
| 326932 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 19.3 | 14.8 | 24.7 | 48 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 26 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES2 | |||
| 326933 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 24 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES40 | ||||||
| 326934 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Visits | Adequacy of Prenatal Care (Kessner index) | PRAMS | UNKNOWN PNC | % | Percentage | 14 | 9.9 | 19.5 | 29 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP44 | QUO145 | 10 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES38 | |||
| 326935 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby being discharged from hospital within 48 hours of birth. (for vaginal deliveries only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 69.7 | 58.1 | 79.3 | 55 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO1 | 2 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 326936 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | (*PCH) Indicator of mother having her teeth cleaned any time prior to pregnancy (years 2004 - 2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 31.4 | 26 | 37.5 | 153 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO272 | 5 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 326937 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94 | 86.2 | 97.6 | 120 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 13 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 326938 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you got separated or divorced from your husband or partner | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 11.4 | 7.3 | 17.4 | 48 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO201 | 40 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 326939 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | DRINKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 55.9 | 53 | 58.8 | 725 | None | None | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 31 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES17 | |||
| 326940 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Just before you got pregnant were you on Medicaid? (years 2000 - 2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 82.5 | 78.3 | 86 | 520 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO17 | 36 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 326941 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 32.1 | 20.7 | 46.1 | 20 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 17 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES41 | |||
| 326942 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 1-5/day | % | Percentage | 6.6 | 3.4 | 12.4 | 10 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 10 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES10 | |||
| 326943 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.8 | 0.1 | 5.7 | 1 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 39 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES67 | |||
| 326944 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 62.3 | 58.5 | 66 | 475 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 42 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 326945 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 46.5 | 37.7 | 55.5 | 107 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO317 | 24 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 326946 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | DID NOT WANT | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0 | 0.8 | 2 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 53 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES49 | |||
| 326947 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 43 | 35.7 | 50.7 | 85 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 37 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 326948 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 21.8 | 18.2 | 25.7 | 128 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 34 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 326949 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 6-10/day | % | Percentage | 19.6 | 9.2 | 37.2 | 10 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 36 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES13 | |||
| 326950 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 93.9 | 90.2 | 96.3 | 344 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 23 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
