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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 327701 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether Medicaid paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 55.1 | 51.8 | 58.5 | 478 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO267 | 50 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES24 | |||
| 327702 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Experiences | Pregnancy Recognition | Pregnancy Confirmation after the First Trimester | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.7 | 84.8 | 93.1 | 225 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA12 | TOP18 | QUO34 | 42 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 327703 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0 | 1.5 | 2 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 37 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 327704 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - some other reason | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 77.5 | 59.2 | 89.1 | 39 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO83 | 44 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES24 | |||
| 327705 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how drinking alcohol during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 31 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO38 | 23 | BOC16 | ||||||||
| 327706 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Were you injured in a car accident during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.2 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 7 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO150 | 2 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 327707 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 35.4 | 25 | 47.5 | 60 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 24 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 327708 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 20 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 26 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 327709 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.2 | 11.9 | 19.3 | 83 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 2 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 327710 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | (*PCH) Indicator of health insurance coverage in the month before pregnancy (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 6 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO227 | 44 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 327711 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 1 or more | % | Percentage | 67.2 | 61.5 | 72.5 | 296 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 28 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES115 | |||
| 327712 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 42 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES41 | ||||||
| 327713 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 7.7 | 3.4 | 16.7 | 8 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 2 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES41 | |||
| 327714 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 99 | 97.5 | 99.6 | 669 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 42 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES24 | |||
| 327715 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Non-Medicaid | % | Percentage | 19.1 | 15.6 | 23.3 | 77 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 10 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES108 | |||
| 327716 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 27 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES23 | ||||||
| 327717 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 50.3 | 46.9 | 53.8 | 412 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 15 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 327718 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94.2 | 87.1 | 97.5 | 106 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 42 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES24 | |||
| 327719 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 25 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 47 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 327720 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - afraid of getting test results | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO136 | 17 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES41 | ||||||
| 327721 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about getting your blood tested for HIV? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 81 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO39 | 24 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 327722 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 6.7 | 4.4 | 10.1 | 21 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO318 | 10 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 327723 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she could not get pregnant at that time | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 67.5 | 48.5 | 82.1 | 33 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO165 | 28 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES24 | |||
| 327724 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | STOMACH | % | Percentage | 5.6 | 4.4 | 7.1 | 72 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 49 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES68 | |||
| 327725 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you go to a dentist or dental clinic? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 47.6 | 41.5 | 53.8 | 202 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO95 | 39 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 327726 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how using illegal drugs could affect your baby? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO215 | 42 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 327727 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 115 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO5 | 41 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 327728 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | LBW | % | Percentage | 2.5 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 74 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 8 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES57 | |||
| 327729 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about breastfeeding your baby? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 14.4 | 11.3 | 18.3 | 60 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO37 | 47 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES23 | |||
| 327730 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 16.3 | 12.7 | 20.7 | 207 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 40 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 327731 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - not having sex | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1383 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO82 | 41 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 327732 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 97.3 | 94.6 | 98.7 | 461 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 24 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 327733 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | (*PCH) Indicator for whether mother smoked during the three months before getting pregnant | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 43 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO30 | 44 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 327734 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Pregnancy Recognition | Pregnancy Confirmation after the First Trimester | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 13.6 | 8.3 | 21.4 | 43 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP18 | QUO34 | 40 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 327735 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | None (0 cig) | % | Percentage | 75.2 | 72 | 78.2 | 1040 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 39 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES27 | |||
| 327736 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you go to a dentist or dental clinic? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 23 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO95 | 10 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 327737 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother quit smoking during pregnancy (for smokers only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.4 | 6.4 | 29.3 | 12 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO69 | 28 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 327738 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.2 | 93 | 98 | 130 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 2 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 327739 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any financial-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 70.4 | 64.6 | 75.7 | 283 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO203 | 26 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 327740 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 54.5 | 49.2 | 59.7 | 406 | OTHER | Marital Status | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 39 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 327741 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 54 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES24 | ||||||
| 327742 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother quit smoking during pregnancy (for smokers only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 13.5 | 9.1 | 19.5 | 40 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO69 | 54 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 327743 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 99.9 | 99.4 | 100 | 589 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 55 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 327744 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any trauma-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 71.2 | 67.3 | 74.8 | 730 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO212 | 28 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 327745 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 41.8 | 32 | 52.2 | 41 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 50 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 327746 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NONDRNKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0 | 1.3 | 1 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 23 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES26 | |||
| 327747 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Maternal Health Care | (*PCH) Since your new baby was born have you had a postpartum checkup for yourself? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 65 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP52 | QUO244 | 44 | BOC13 | BOC13 | |||||||
| 327748 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 6 | 3.7 | 9.4 | 35 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 8 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 327749 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 95.9 | 93.7 | 97.3 | 1228 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 24 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES24 | |||
| 327750 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | The baby's weight classified as low birth weight (LBW) if the weight was less than or equal to 2500 grams or normal birth weight (NBW) if the weight was greater than 2500 grams | PRAMS | LBW (<=2500g) | % | Percentage | 13.6 | 13.3 | 13.9 | 290 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO7 | 39 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES118 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
