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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 338951 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | (*PCH) Indicator of adequate social support postpartum | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 60 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO264 | 37 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 338952 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | NEVER | % | Percentage | 35.3 | 20.2 | 54.1 | 13 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 39 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES22 | |||
| 338953 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 22.5 | 18.8 | 26.6 | 233 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO323 | 41 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 338954 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - husband or partner does not want to | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 89.6 | 71.8 | 96.7 | 34 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO80 | 8 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES24 | |||
| 338955 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #DRKS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 2.1 | 1 | 4.3 | 16 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 39 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES3 | |||
| 338956 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any placenta problems (such as abruptio placental placenta previa) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 146 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO157 | 24 | BOC14 | BOC14 | |||||||
| 338957 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 36 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO242 | 17 | BOC6 | BOC6 | |||||||
| 338958 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - previously tested for HIV | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 84.4 | 73 | 91.5 | 60 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO137 | 49 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES24 | |||
| 338959 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | NORMAL (18.5-24.9) | % | Percentage | 47.9 | 42.4 | 53.3 | 265 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 47 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES42 | |||
| 338960 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby being discharged from hospital within 48 hours of birth. (for vaginal deliveries only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 88.3 | 84.6 | 91.2 | 366 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO1 | 55 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 338961 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI >= 30) or non-obese (BMI < 30) | PRAMS | OBESE | % | Percentage | 22.2 | 18.4 | 26.4 | 153 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO220 | 2 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES113 | |||
| 338962 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did a dentist or dental worker talk to you about how to care for your teeth and gums? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 69.6 | 59 | 78.4 | 108 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO94 | 24 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 338963 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 15.3 | 10.3 | 22.2 | 35 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 28 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES2 | |||
| 338964 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - previously tested for HIV | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 18 | 9.5 | 31.4 | 13 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO137 | 5 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES41 | |||
| 338965 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | OVERWT (25.0-29.9) | % | Percentage | 16 | 7.9 | 29.6 | 20 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 41 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES44 | |||
| 338966 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 89 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 50 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 338967 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 12.3 | 9.7 | 15.4 | 136 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 39 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES40 | |||
| 338968 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- husband or partner did not want to | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 79.2 | 69.3 | 86.5 | 68 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO160 | 10 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES24 | |||
| 338969 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 66.1 | 63.1 | 69 | 779 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 49 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 338970 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 71.2 | 63.2 | 78.1 | 158 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 55 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 338971 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 12.2 | 9.8 | 15.1 | 180 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 24 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES24 | |||
| 338972 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 21-40/day | % | Percentage | 0.9 | 0.3 | 3 | 4 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 25 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES11 | |||
| 338973 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | OK (NOT LBW OR PRETERM) | % | Percentage | 33.5 | 29.2 | 38.1 | 208 | OTHER | Marital Status | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 28 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES60 | |||
| 338974 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | (*PCH) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby did you take a daily multivitamin? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 18.9 | 13.4 | 26.1 | 41 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO65 | 53 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 338975 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you had a lot of bills you could not pay | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 23.7 | 19.1 | 28.9 | 108 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO198 | 54 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 338976 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 84.1 | 80 | 87.6 | 320 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 13 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES23 | |||
| 338977 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | The baby's weight classified as low birth weight (LBW) if the weight was less than or equal to 2500 grams or normal birth weight (NBW) if the weight was greater than 2500 grams | PRAMS | LBW (<=2500g) | % | Percentage | 7.6 | 6.3 | 9.1 | 126 | None | None | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO7 | 34 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES118 | |||
| 338978 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 0 | % | Percentage | 43 | 39.1 | 47.1 | 322 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 42 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES114 | |||
| 338979 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 86.7 | 84.2 | 88.8 | 1723 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 8 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES23 | |||
| 338980 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During the 12 months before you got pregnant did anyone else physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 98 | 97 | 98.7 | 1649 | None | None | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO312 | 54 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 338981 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | SMOKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 1.3 | 0.6 | 2.9 | 10 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 23 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES34 | |||
| 338982 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | Less than $10,000 | % | Percentage | 16.6 | 14 | 19.6 | 236 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 8 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES21 | |||
| 338983 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $10,000 to $24,999 | % | Percentage | 23.1 | 20.5 | 25.8 | 226 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 15 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES5 | |||
| 338984 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.7 | 86.1 | 92.5 | 707 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 25 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 338985 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | (*PCH) Indicator of whether mother reported frequent postpartum depressive symptoms(years 2004 - 2008). | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 7.1 | 3.9 | 12.4 | 36 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO74 | 41 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 338986 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 0 | % | Percentage | 49.6 | 43.9 | 55.4 | 244 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 2 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES114 | |||
| 338987 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 90.9 | 85.6 | 94.4 | 413 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 40 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES24 | |||
| 338988 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - some other reason | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 83.4 | 72.8 | 90.4 | 64 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO162 | 50 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES24 | |||
| 338989 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94.7 | 89.4 | 97.4 | 119 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 42 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES24 | |||
| 338990 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 12 | 7.6 | 18.5 | 26 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 25 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES1 | |||
| 338991 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Indicator of whether mother reported having any alcoholic drinks during the last 3 months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 92.5 | 88.9 | 95.1 | 547 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO9 | 24 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 338992 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether prenatal care was paid for by insurance through the military | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 99.4 | 98.6 | 99.7 | 1049 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO368 | 5 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES24 | |||
| 338993 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 93 | 87.4 | 96.2 | 243 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 36 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 338994 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | WIC | During your pregnancy were you on WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children)? | PRAMS | Non-WIC | % | Percentage | 30.2 | 26 | 34.8 | 187 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA10 | TOP25 | QUO43 | 28 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES50 | |||
| 338995 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 0 | % | Percentage | 43.1 | 39.3 | 47.1 | 592 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 24 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES114 | |||
| 338996 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | The baby's weight classified as low birth weight (LBW) if the weight was less than or equal to 2500 grams or normal birth weight (NBW) if the weight was greater than 2500 grams | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 0 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO7 | 34 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 338997 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you had a lot of bills you could not pay | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 18.5 | 15.8 | 21.4 | 237 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO198 | 2 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 338998 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for delivery | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 45 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO319 | 44 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 338999 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 4 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 33.1 | 28.9 | 37.7 | 187 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO4 | 44 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 339000 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 90.2 | 88.4 | 91.8 | 1278 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 27 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES24 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
