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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 345051 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 0 | % | Percentage | 35.7 | 30.2 | 41.7 | 76 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 56 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES114 | |||
| 345052 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 22.7 | 10.8 | 41.4 | 8 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 39 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 345053 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your water break more than 3 weeks before your due date (premature rupture of membranes PROM) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 95.5 | 94.3 | 96.5 | 1561 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO158 | 8 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 345054 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 21 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 27 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 345055 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 11-20/day | % | Percentage | 13.7 | 3.1 | 43.9 | 3 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 25 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES9 | |||
| 345056 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about getting your blood tested for HIV? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 39 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO39 | 10 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 345057 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | Indicator of whether mother took vitamins more than 4 times a week during the month prior to pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.5 | 8.8 | 22.9 | 22 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO41 | 50 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 345058 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | No | % | Percentage | 5.8 | 2.5 | 12.9 | 7 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 36 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES47 | |||
| 345059 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - cannot pay for birth control | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 678 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO84 | 47 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 345060 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Location | Where did you go most of the time for your prenatal visits? | PRAMS | Hlth Dept Clinic | % | Percentage | 12.5 | 8.6 | 17.7 | 42 | OTHER | Marital Status | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA11 | TOP57 | QUO331 | 36 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES136 | |||
| 345061 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 8 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 37 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 345062 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any trauma-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 20 | 16.5 | 24.1 | 109 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO212 | 49 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 345063 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | 4-6 TIMES/WEEK | % | Percentage | 4.3 | 2.7 | 6.6 | 30 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 39 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES70 | |||
| 345064 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 10.1 | 8.1 | 12.6 | 252 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 24 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES40 | |||
| 345065 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #DRKS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 5.1 | 3.7 | 6.8 | 85 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 24 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES3 | |||
| 345066 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | I do not know | % | Percentage | 13.9 | 11.4 | 16.9 | 173 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 8 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES46 | |||
| 345067 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about birth control methods to use after pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 17.2 | 10.8 | 26.2 | 40 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO332 | 24 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 345068 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | NONE | % | Percentage | 33.6 | 27.2 | 40.6 | 194 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 40 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES999 | |||
| 345069 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0 | 1.3 | 3 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 47 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES29 | |||
| 345070 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | NEVER | % | Percentage | 18.7 | 12.8 | 26.4 | 57 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 41 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES22 | |||
| 345071 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 15.2 | 13.2 | 17.5 | 280 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 54 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES24 | |||
| 345072 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether Medicaid paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 43.1 | 39.5 | 46.8 | 382 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO267 | 23 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES41 | |||
| 345073 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 92 | 83.6 | 96.3 | 156 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 2 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES41 | |||
| 345074 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 9.8 | 8 | 12.1 | 107 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 31 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES1 | |||
| 345075 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94.4 | 88.8 | 97.3 | 107 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 42 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES24 | |||
| 345076 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | (*PCH) Mother's prepregnancy body mass index classified as underweight normal overweight or obese | PRAMS | NORMAL (18.5-24.9) | % | Percentage | 44.6 | 36.2 | 53.4 | 72 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO148 | 23 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES42 | |||
| 345077 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.9 | 2 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 8 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES67 | |||
| 345078 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you died | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.3 | 12.4 | 18.7 | 122 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO199 | 25 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 345079 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 4 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 161 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO4 | 40 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 345080 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about using a seat belt during your pregnancy ? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 52 | 44.2 | 59.7 | 110 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO36 | 28 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 345081 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 80.6 | 75.2 | 85.1 | 326 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 36 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 345082 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 37.1 | 30.6 | 44 | 87 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO322 | 44 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 345083 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - aid such as TANF, welfare, WIC, Food Stamps, or SSI (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 78.5 | 75.8 | 81 | 1230 | None | None | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO299 | 5 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 345084 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you died | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 81.5 | 75.7 | 86.3 | 234 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO199 | 55 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 345085 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | EVERY DAY/WEEK | % | Percentage | 35 | 30.7 | 39.6 | 210 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 54 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES72 | |||
| 345086 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 97.6 | 96.1 | 98.5 | 746 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 2 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 345087 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - cannot pay for birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO84 | 37 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES41 | ||||||
| 345088 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Indicator of whether an HIV test was offered among women not receiving the test | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1068 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO141 | 25 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 345089 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - not having sex | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1048 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Mother Hispanic | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO82 | 2 | BOC8 | BOC8 | |||||||
| 345090 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any trauma-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.4 | 84 | 90.1 | 539 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO212 | 54 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 345091 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | After your baby was born was he or she put in an intensive care unit? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 25.5 | 13.1 | 43.9 | 12 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO15 | 39 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 345092 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Medicaid | % | Percentage | 50 | 37.7 | 62.3 | 54 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 28 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES107 | |||
| 345093 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Infant Health | Pregnancy Outcome | Indicator of infant currently alive | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 99 | 97.5 | 99.6 | 394 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA8 | TOP43 | QUO143 | 25 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 345094 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Non-Medicaid | % | Percentage | 39.8 | 22 | 60.7 | 25 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 8 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES108 | |||
| 345095 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - paycheck or money from a job | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 93 | 91.3 | 94.5 | 971 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO304 | 15 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES41 | |||
| 345096 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Experiences | Pregnancy Recognition | Pregnancy Confirmation after the First Trimester | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 16 | 7.8 | 30.1 | 11 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA12 | TOP18 | QUO34 | 47 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 345097 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 29.2 | 23.4 | 35.8 | 157 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO322 | 40 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 345098 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 89 | 84.3 | 92.4 | 270 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 37 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES24 | |||
| 345099 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 98.9 | 92.8 | 99.8 | 91 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 53 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES24 | |||
| 345100 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NONDRNKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 0.5 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 2 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 36 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES26 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
