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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 347301 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | I do not know | % | Percentage | 13.9 | 11.7 | 16.4 | 145 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 49 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES46 | |||
| 347302 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 28 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | ||||||
| 347303 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | "1-2" | % | Percentage | 33 | 28.3 | 38.2 | 234 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 39 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES121 | |||
| 347304 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 95.4 | 91.4 | 97.6 | 260 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 37 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 347305 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of mother delivering in a hospital | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 1.8 | 0.9 | 3.5 | 10 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO169 | 55 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 347306 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | (*PCH) Indicator of unwanted pregnancy | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 23 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO265 | 28 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 347307 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.2 | 86.5 | 91.4 | 726 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 26 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 347308 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 27.4 | 23.4 | 31.8 | 208 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 54 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES1 | |||
| 347309 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about birth control methods to use after pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 61 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | On WIC during Pregnancy | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO332 | 5 | BOC10 | BOC10 | |||||||
| 347310 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | Less than $10,000 | % | Percentage | 38.2 | 31.4 | 45.4 | 59 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 41 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES21 | |||
| 347311 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraception use at the time of pregnancy (for those not trying to get pregnant) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 51.9 | 47.6 | 56.1 | 285 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO89 | 10 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 347312 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about getting your blood tested for HIV? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 15.8 | 12.6 | 19.7 | 113 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO39 | 53 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 347313 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Indicator of drinking any alcohol during the past two years | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 56 | 42.3 | 68.8 | 41 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO100 | 25 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 347314 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 22 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 53 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 347315 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Indicator of whether mother reported having any alcoholic drinks during the last 3 months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.5 | 92 | 96.2 | 590 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO9 | 37 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 347316 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your cervix have have to be sewn shut (incompetent cervix cerclage) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.5 | 0.3 | 6.5 | 3 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO151 | 37 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 347317 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | (*PCH) Indicator of whether mother reported frequent postpartum depressive symptoms(years 2004 - 2008). | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 76.6 | 64.3 | 85.6 | 90 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO74 | 39 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 347318 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 83.4 | 79.5 | 86.7 | 569 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 5 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 347319 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | ALWAYS | % | Percentage | 18.3 | 11.3 | 28.3 | 19 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 42 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES15 | |||
| 347320 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Infant Health | Smoke Exposure | Indicator of whether baby is exposed to cigarette smoke. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97.4 | 95.9 | 98.3 | 1062 | None | None | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA8 | TOP24 | QUO12 | 23 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 347321 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Indicator of whether an HIV test was refused among women offered the test | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO142 | 53 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES23 | ||||||
| 347322 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 7 days for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 2.1 | 1.4 | 3.2 | 179 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO19 | 40 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES40 | |||
| 347323 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | Indicator of whether mother took vitamins more than 4 times a week during the month prior to pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 77 | 72 | 81.4 | 404 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO41 | 8 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 347324 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 1-5/day | % | Percentage | 0.7 | 0.1 | 3.5 | 1 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 10 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES10 | |||
| 347325 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 25.3 | 18.9 | 33 | 123 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 40 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES2 | |||
| 347326 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | Indicator of whether mother took vitamins more than 4 times a week during the month prior to pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 19.2 | 16 | 22.9 | 160 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO41 | 28 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 347327 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any vaginal bleeding during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.6 | 11.7 | 20.5 | 72 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO149 | 25 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 347328 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | (*PCH) Indicator of intended pregnancy | PRAMS | Intended | % | Percentage | 71.1 | 67 | 74.8 | 432 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO16 | 56 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES19 | |||
| 347329 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI >= 30) or non-obese (BMI < 30) | PRAMS | NOT OBESE | % | Percentage | 82.2 | 77.5 | 86.1 | 322 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO220 | 42 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES112 | |||
| 347330 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.1 | 86.6 | 91.2 | 757 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 34 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 347331 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 1 or more | % | Percentage | 84 | 71.4 | 91.7 | 46 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 56 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES115 | |||
| 347332 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.4 | 11 | 18.7 | 100 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 39 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 347333 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.8 | 3.3 | 6.8 | 46 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 26 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 347334 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | (*PCH) Indicator of whether mother reported frequent postpartum depressive symptoms(years 2004 - 2008). | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89 | 86.2 | 91.2 | 698 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO74 | 44 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 347335 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94.7 | 91 | 97 | 214 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 42 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES24 | |||
| 347336 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - previously tested for HIV | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO137 | 13 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES24 | ||||||
| 347337 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were homeless | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 14 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO206 | 15 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 347338 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any placenta problems (such as abruptio placental placenta previa) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 94.8 | 91.8 | 96.7 | 541 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO157 | 2 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 347339 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother went to the hospital and stayed more than 1 day for a pregnancy-related complication (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 8.5 | 6.8 | 10.7 | 81 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO240 | 27 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 347340 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - does not think she could become pregnant (sterile) | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 96 | 92.9 | 97.8 | 351 | None | None | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO81 | 34 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES24 | |||
| 347341 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 26.1 | 17.4 | 37.2 | 49 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 13 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 347342 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 72.9 | 56.3 | 84.8 | 37 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 41 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 347343 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - aid such as TANF, welfare, WIC, Food Stamps, or SSI (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 0.9 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 6 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO299 | 49 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 347344 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 14.6 | 10.2 | 20.4 | 46 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 47 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 347345 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 28 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | ||||||
| 347346 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI > 29) or non-obese (BMI <= 29) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 213 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO72 | 25 | BOC14 | BOC14 | |||||||
| 347347 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how drinking alcohol during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 50 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO38 | 54 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 347348 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 90.9 | 88.3 | 93 | 676 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 37 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES23 | |||
| 347349 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 7.3 | 4.2 | 12.2 | 16 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 23 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES41 | |||
| 347350 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 87.6 | 83.9 | 90.5 | 490 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 28 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
