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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 348501 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Just before you got pregnant were you on Medicaid? (years 2000 - 2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.7 | 7.4 | 12.5 | 67 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO17 | 17 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 348502 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 26.9 | 23.8 | 30.2 | 224 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 27 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 348503 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 10.3 | 8.7 | 12 | 131 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 15 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 348504 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about getting your blood tested for HIV? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 28.5 | 25.7 | 31.4 | 282 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO39 | 15 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 348505 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 7 | 4.2 | 11.4 | 23 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 37 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 348506 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 95.4 | 89.9 | 98 | 129 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 17 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES24 | |||
| 348507 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 29.5 | 25.7 | 33.7 | 246 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 28 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES41 | |||
| 348508 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother quit smoking during pregnancy (for smokers only) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 47.9 | 36.7 | 59.2 | 88 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO69 | 13 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES23 | |||
| 348509 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraceptive use at time of pregnancy among women with an unintended pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO3 | 47 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 348510 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner said he did not want you to be pregnant. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 95.4 | 93.6 | 96.8 | 893 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO33 | 36 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 348511 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 92.5 | 86.7 | 95.8 | 149 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 42 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 348512 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 66.8 | 62 | 71.3 | 317 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 26 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 348513 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | SOMETIMES | % | Percentage | 15.4 | 12.2 | 19.2 | 153 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 41 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES35 | |||
| 348514 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Indicator of whether mother reported having gestational diabetes (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.6 | 79.4 | 92.9 | 137 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO153 | 44 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 348515 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.5 | 7.4 | 12 | 79 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 31 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 348516 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | DIDNT TAKE VITAMIN | % | Percentage | 59.9 | 49.6 | 69.5 | 73 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 44 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES71 | |||
| 348517 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | When you got pregnant with your new baby were you trying to become pregnant? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 19.3 | 16.3 | 22.7 | 147 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO257 | 37 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 348518 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9 | 6.1 | 12.9 | 42 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 31 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 348519 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 75.7 | 70.9 | 80 | 285 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 15 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 348520 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9.9 | 8 | 12.3 | 104 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 27 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 348521 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $50,000 or more | % | Percentage | 12.8 | 7.1 | 22.1 | 20 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 36 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES7 | |||
| 348522 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 108 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 24 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 348523 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | Indicator of insurance before pregnancy (excluding Medicaid) (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 75.7 | 72.2 | 78.9 | 638 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO310 | 42 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 348524 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | Have you ever heard or read that taking the vitamin folic acid can help prevent some birth defects? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 44.7 | 36.4 | 53.2 | 114 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO126 | 5 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 348525 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother currently smokes | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 88.1 | 85 | 90.6 | 645 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO32 | 2 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES23 | |||
| 348526 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Assisted Reproduction | (*PCH) Indicator of receiving any fertility drugs or treatment | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.5 | 2.1 | 5.7 | 20 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP50 | QUO223 | 17 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 348527 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Was your baby seen by a doctor nurse or other health care provider in the first week after he or she left the hospital? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 135 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Education | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO101 | 49 | BOC5 | BOC5 | |||||||
| 348528 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 90.2 | 80.6 | 95.3 | 196 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 8 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 348529 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 88.5 | 86.2 | 90.6 | 1283 | None | None | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 25 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES24 | |||
| 348530 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 66 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 36 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 348531 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | ALWAYS | % | Percentage | 6.6 | 4.5 | 9.4 | 36 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 42 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES15 | |||
| 348532 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did a dentist or dental worker talk to you about how to care for your teeth and gums? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 51.3 | 47.1 | 55.4 | 338 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO94 | 42 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 348533 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 98.5 | 95.4 | 99.6 | 381 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 53 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 348534 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you got separated or divorced from your husband or partner | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 24 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO201 | 31 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 348535 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you need to see a dentist for a problem? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 31.6 | 26.6 | 37 | 129 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO93 | 37 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 348536 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | Indicator of insurance before pregnancy (excluding Medicaid) (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 48.8 | 45.8 | 51.9 | 730 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO310 | 54 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 348537 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - some other reason | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO83 | 34 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES41 | ||||||
| 348538 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 47 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 348539 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - wants to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO86 | 44 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES41 | ||||||
| 348540 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Indicator of contraceptive use at time of pregnancy among women with an unintended pregnancy | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1186 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO3 | 49 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 348541 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in the past 2 years? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 82.3 | 71.2 | 89.7 | 172 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO329 | 40 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES23 | |||
| 348542 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | (*PCH) Indicator of health insurance coverage in the month before pregnancy (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 41.9 | 31.8 | 52.7 | 62 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO227 | 53 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 348543 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your water break more than 3 weeks before your due date (premature rupture of membranes PROM) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.5 | 3.3 | 8.8 | 65 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO158 | 13 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 348544 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 76.5 | 69.9 | 82.1 | 378 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 13 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 348545 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NONDRINKER | % | Percentage | 61.4 | 46.1 | 74.7 | 76 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 25 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES25 | |||
| 348546 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | STOMACH | % | Percentage | 8.3 | 5 | 13.4 | 25 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 53 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES68 | |||
| 348547 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 17.2 | 12.9 | 22.7 | 93 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 47 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 348548 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.6 | 3.4 | 9 | 24 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 34 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 348549 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 63.2 | 57.7 | 68.4 | 320 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 47 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 348550 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 58.1 | 50.4 | 65.5 | 212 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 5 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES23 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
