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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 357701 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how drinking alcohol during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 72 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO38 | BOC17 | |||||||||
| 357702 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 0.1 | 0 | 0.5 | 1 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 31 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 357703 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 2 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 49 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 357704 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | NONE | % | Percentage | 18.6 | 7.3 | 40 | 9 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 39 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES999 | |||
| 357705 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | THEN | % | Percentage | 19.3 | 8 | 39.6 | 11 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 39 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES111 | |||
| 357706 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 46 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 55 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 357707 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 23 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 53 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 357708 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you had a lot of bills you could not pay | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 81 | 78.4 | 83.5 | 1103 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO198 | 31 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 357709 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother received Medicaid coverage for prenatal care. | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 38 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO25 | 56 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 357710 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 43.9 | 40.5 | 47.4 | 425 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO323 | 49 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 357711 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care – Provider | Source of prenatal care (public/private) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 171 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA11 | TOP54 | QUO27 | 49 | BOC6 | BOC6 | |||||||
| 357712 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.1 | 1.4 | 16.9 | 3 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 37 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 357713 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any placenta problems (such as abruptio placental placenta previa) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 6.4 | 3.6 | 11.4 | 14 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO157 | 56 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 357714 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Location | Where did you go most of the time for your prenatal visits? | PRAMS | MD / HMO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP57 | QUO331 | 23 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES138 | ||||||
| 357715 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | SMOKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 9.7 | 5.1 | 17.6 | 11 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 50 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES34 | |||
| 357716 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about what to do if your labor starts early? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 85.9 | 83.2 | 88.2 | 1310 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO66 | 24 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES40 | |||
| 357717 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.4 | 1.5 | 17.8 | 6 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 39 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 357718 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 36.1 | 32.6 | 39.8 | 445 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 54 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES2 | |||
| 357719 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #DRKS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 4.3 | 3.1 | 6 | 45 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 23 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES3 | |||
| 357720 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 90 | 87.6 | 91.9 | 971 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 44 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 357721 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you lost your job even though you wanted to go on working | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 12.1 | 9.3 | 15.6 | 64 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO213 | 42 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 357722 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | SMOKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 8.6 | 6.5 | 11.1 | 56 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 26 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES34 | |||
| 357723 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | (*PCH) Indicator of unwanted pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 93.8 | 91.2 | 95.6 | 524 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO265 | 56 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 357724 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Experiences | Pregnancy Recognition | Pregnancy Confirmation after the First Trimester | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 99.2 | 97.4 | 99.8 | 298 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA12 | TOP18 | QUO34 | 56 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 357725 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any placenta problems (such as abruptio placental placenta previa) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 48 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO157 | 47 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 357726 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about birth control methods to use after pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 75.5 | 61.9 | 85.4 | 88 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO332 | 25 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES40 | |||
| 357727 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in the past 2 years? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 36.9 | 30 | 44.4 | 108 | INTERMEDIATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO329 | 39 | PNC3 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 357728 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 9.5 | 7.3 | 12.2 | 112 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 39 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 357729 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Infant Health | Pregnancy Outcome | Indicator of infant currently alive | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 3 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA8 | TOP43 | QUO143 | 41 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 357730 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 26.5 | 22.5 | 30.9 | 182 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 54 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 357731 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - afraid of getting test results | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 100 | 32 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO136 | 49 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES24 | |||||
| 357732 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 45.3 | 36.5 | 54.5 | 81 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 31 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 357733 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your cervix have have to be sewn shut (incompetent cervix cerclage) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 16 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO151 | 47 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 357734 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | (*PCH) Indicator for whether mother smoked during the three months before getting pregnant | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 6.1 | 4.9 | 7.7 | 85 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO30 | 49 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 357735 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Infant Health | Morbidity - Infant | The baby's weight classified as low birth weight (LBW) if the weight was less than or equal to 2500 grams or normal birth weight (NBW) if the weight was greater than 2500 grams | PRAMS | NBW (>2500g) | % | Percentage | 91.2 | 85.1 | 94.9 | 47 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA8 | TOP13 | QUO7 | 26 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES119 | |||
| 357736 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 48.8 | 45 | 52.7 | 319 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 10 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 357737 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Infant Health | Pregnancy Outcome | Indicator of infant currently alive | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 5 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA8 | TOP43 | QUO143 | 40 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 357738 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 1-5/day | % | Percentage | 2.5 | 1.7 | 3.6 | 33 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 49 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES10 | |||
| 357739 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Demographics | Household Characteristics | Indicator of infant currently living with the mother | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 42 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA2 | TOP10 | QUO144 | 55 | BOC12 | BOC12 | |||||||
| 357740 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Indicator of whether mother reported having any alcoholic drinks during the last 3 months of pregnancy | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 42 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Number of Previous Live Births | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO9 | 27 | BOC20 | BOC20 | |||||||
| 357741 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.4 | 82.5 | 87.8 | 625 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 15 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES23 | |||
| 357742 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 6-10/day | % | Percentage | 7.2 | 4 | 12.8 | 11 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 2 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES13 | |||
| 357743 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you died | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO199 | 28 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | ||||||
| 357744 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 9 | 5.5 | 14.5 | 30 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 13 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES41 | |||
| 357745 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Experiences | Pregnancy Recognition | Pregnancy Confirmation after the First Trimester | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97 | 95.4 | 98 | 847 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA12 | TOP18 | QUO34 | 23 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES23 | |||
| 357746 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did a dentist or dental worker talk to you about how to care for your teeth and gums? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO94 | 23 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES23 | ||||||
| 357747 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - some other reason | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 50.5 | 38.5 | 62.4 | 44 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO83 | 56 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES24 | |||
| 357748 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 40.9 | 37.2 | 44.8 | 263 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 10 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 357749 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 0 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 24 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 357750 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for delivery | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94 | 91.8 | 95.5 | 789 | NBW (>2500g) | Birth Weight | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO319 | 39 | BWT2 | BOC1 | RES24 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
