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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 380451 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Obesity | Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index classified as obese (BMI > 29) or non-obese (BMI <= 29) | PRAMS | OBESE | % | Percentage | 23.8 | 19.9 | 28 | 147 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP31 | QUO72 | 27 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES113 | |||
| 380452 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | (*PCH) Indicator of previous preterm birth | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 91.9 | 85.2 | 95.7 | 189 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO176 | 13 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 380453 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Change in drinking between three months before pregnancy and last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | DRINKER WHO QUIT | % | Percentage | 38.5 | 32.1 | 45.2 | 136 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO99 | 31 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES17 | |||
| 380454 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 86.7 | 81.8 | 90.4 | 272 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 56 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 380455 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any trauma-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 34.1 | 24.3 | 45.5 | 51 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO212 | 13 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES40 | |||
| 380456 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether personal income paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 15.9 | 11.7 | 21.2 | 73 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO323 | 13 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 380457 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she or partner was sterile | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 732 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Birth Weight | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO164 | 55 | BOC1 | BOC1 | |||||||
| 380458 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | ALL 3 POSITIONS | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 15 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES62 | ||||||
| 380459 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 8 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 58.5 | 55.4 | 61.5 | 882 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO44 | 31 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES40 | |||
| 380460 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 70.2 | 55.1 | 81.9 | 99 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 41 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 380461 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born someone very close to you had a bad problem with drinking or drugs | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.5 | 77.3 | 91.1 | 219 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO200 | 25 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 380462 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 3.7 | 2.6 | 5.3 | 36 | Non-WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO324 | 34 | WIC1 | BOC10 | RES41 | |||
| 380463 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO242 | 39 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 380464 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 55 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 380465 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | SIDE | % | Percentage | 10 | 5 | 18.9 | 23 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 13 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES65 | |||
| 380466 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born a close family member was very sick and had to go into the hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO204 | 47 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | ||||||
| 380467 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 8 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 32.7 | 25.8 | 40.5 | 167 | OTHER | Marital Status | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO44 | 13 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 380468 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did an ex-husband or ex-partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 1.4 | 0.6 | 3.3 | 5 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO315 | 25 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 380469 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you got separated or divorced from your husband or partner | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 8 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO201 | 42 | BOC17 | BOC17 | |||||||
| 380470 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 6-10/day | % | Percentage | 7.4 | 4.4 | 12.2 | 23 | $25,000 to $49,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 2 | INC37 | BOC14 | RES13 | |||
| 380471 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- husband or partner did not want to | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 22.7 | 16.4 | 30.4 | 69 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO160 | 24 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES41 | |||
| 380472 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you were in a physical fight | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 49 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Pregnancy Intendedness | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO205 | 53 | BOC11 | BOC11 | |||||||
| 380473 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether Medicaid paid for delivery | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 36.6 | 32.2 | 41.3 | 390 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO267 | 41 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES41 | |||
| 380474 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Maternal Health Care | (*PCH) Since your new baby was born have you had a postpartum checkup for yourself? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 29 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP52 | QUO244 | 34 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 380475 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.9 | 82.7 | 91.7 | 300 | Black, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 37 | ETH1 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 380476 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 75.2 | 69 | 80.5 | 218 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 37 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 380477 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother smoked during the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 90.4 | 77.9 | 96.2 | 129 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO31 | 13 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES23 | |||
| 380478 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Delivery | Delivery - Payment | Indicator of whether delivery was paid for by insurance through the military | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 97.9 | 94.1 | 99.3 | 333 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA6 | TOP56 | QUO364 | 13 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES24 | |||
| 380479 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Assisted Reproduction | (*PCH) Indicator of receiving any fertility drugs or treatment (for those trying to get pregnant only) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 95 | 91.6 | 97.1 | 268 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP50 | QUO222 | 17 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 380480 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether private insurance paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.3 | 1.9 | 9.1 | 13 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO322 | 40 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 380481 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Location | Where did you go most of the time for your prenatal visits? | PRAMS | MD / HMO | % | Percentage | 58.3 | 52.1 | 64.2 | 178 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA11 | TOP57 | QUO331 | 17 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES138 | |||
| 380482 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- didn't mind getting pregnant | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 33.6 | 18.1 | 53.8 | 9 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO161 | 17 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES41 | |||
| 380483 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you or your husband or partner went to jail | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 3.7 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 22 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO207 | 17 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 380484 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 91 | 79.9 | 96.2 | 34 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 25 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 380485 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | < 1/day | % | Percentage | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2.7 | 3 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 39 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES8 | |||
| 380486 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have preterm or early labor during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 14 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Medicaid Recipient | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO155 | 27 | BOC9 | BOC9 | |||||||
| 380487 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care – Provider | Source of prenatal care (public/private) | PRAMS | Public | % | Percentage | 38.9 | 34.3 | 43.7 | 304 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA11 | TOP54 | QUO27 | 31 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES32 | |||
| 380488 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Location | Where did you go most of the time for your prenatal visits? | PRAMS | State Specific | % | Percentage | 3.1 | 2.1 | 4.6 | 38 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA11 | TOP57 | QUO331 | 31 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES139 | |||
| 380489 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | I do not know | % | Percentage | 11.6 | 9 | 15 | 89 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 39 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES46 | |||
| 380490 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - had side effects from birth control | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 6.6 | 1.9 | 20.2 | 5 | < 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO163 | 36 | 12YR1 | BOC5 | RES41 | |||
| 380491 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | (*PCH) Indicator for whether mother smoked during the three months before getting pregnant | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 62.5 | 53.9 | 70.4 | 124 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO30 | 23 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 380492 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 10.7 | 6.3 | 17.5 | 18 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 55 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES29 | |||
| 380493 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | 4-6 TIMES/WEEK | % | Percentage | 6.4 | 4.8 | 8.6 | 49 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 56 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES70 | |||
| 380494 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 70 | 63.6 | 75.8 | 147 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 10 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 380495 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 13 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Marital Status | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 13 | BOC3 | BOC3 | |||||||
| 380496 | 2008 | WY | Wyoming | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Not Getting PNC as Soon as Desired Among Women Who Began PNC Late or Not at All | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 19.8 | 11.3 | 32.3 | 16 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (43.235541343°, -108.109830353°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO11 | 56 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 380497 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Preconception Morbidity | (*PCH) During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby did you have high blood pressure (hypertension)? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP42 | QUO130 | 55 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES40 | ||||||
| 380498 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 59.5 | 51.6 | 66.9 | 182 | OTHER | Marital Status | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO35 | 47 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 380499 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | STOMACH | % | Percentage | 11 | 8.3 | 14.5 | 68 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 36 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES68 | |||
| 380500 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in the past 2 years? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.9 | 82.3 | 88.8 | 941 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO329 | 24 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES23 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
