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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 384451 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby being discharged from hospital within 48 hours of birth. (for vaginal deliveries only) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 76 | 68.5 | 82.1 | 139 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO1 | 39 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 384452 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you moved to a new address | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 25.3 | 15.6 | 38.2 | 22 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO209 | 28 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 384453 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | None (0 cig) | % | Percentage | 69 | 54.3 | 80.7 | 51 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 5 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES27 | |||
| 384454 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKER | % | Percentage | 60.9 | 54.4 | 67.1 | 251 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 47 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES28 | |||
| 384455 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Behavior/Health | Oral Health | During your most recent pregnancy did you have your teeth cleaned? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 184 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA9 | TOP33 | QUO75 | 34 | BOC19 | BOC19 | |||||||
| 384456 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your water break more than 3 weeks before your due date (premature rupture of membranes PROM) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 92.4 | 90.3 | 94.1 | 787 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO158 | 26 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 384457 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Infant Health | Injury Prevention | Home has a working smoke alarm | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 6.4 | 4.2 | 9.7 | 51 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA8 | TOP40 | QUO188 | 8 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 384458 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- husband or partner did not want to | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 1165 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO160 | 31 | BOC18 | BOC18 | |||||||
| 384459 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Indicator of Late (After First Trimester) or No Entry Into Prenatal Care | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 12.9 | 10.2 | 16.3 | 74 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO24 | 17 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES40 | |||
| 384460 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception - thought she or partner was sterile | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 90.1 | 79.9 | 95.4 | 74 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO164 | 53 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES24 | |||
| 384461 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about how drinking alcohol during pregnancy could affect your baby? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 4.8 | 0.7 | 27.2 | 1 | Age < 18 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO38 | 42 | AGE1 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 384462 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 21 | 17.6 | 24.9 | 115 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 50 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 384463 | 2008 | PA | Pennsylvania | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Reason for refusing HIV test - did not think she was at risk for HIV | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (40.793730152°, -77.860700294°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO139 | 42 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES41 | ||||||
| 384464 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Infant Health | Smoke Exposure | (*PCH) Indicator of whether smoking is allowed in home now | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 10.5 | 7.7 | 14.1 | 43 | OTHER | Marital Status | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA8 | TOP24 | QUO260 | 50 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 384465 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | (*PCH) During the 12 months before you got pregnant did your husband or partner push hit slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 98.6 | 96.3 | 99.5 | 645 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO20 | 25 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 384466 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your water break more than 3 weeks before your due date (premature rupture of membranes PROM) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 95 | 90.7 | 97.4 | 188 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO158 | 24 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 384467 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from a business, fees, dividends or rental income | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 90.9 | 88.3 | 92.9 | 540 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO302 | 50 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES24 | |||
| 384468 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Behavior/Health | Multivitamin Use | In the month before you got pregnant with your new baby how many times a week did you take a multivitamin? | PRAMS | 4-6 TIMES/WEEK | % | Percentage | 7.3 | 5.6 | 9.4 | 56 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA9 | TOP15 | QUO335 | 41 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES70 | |||
| 384469 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother was Medicaid recipient at any time (pregnancy for prenatal care or for delivery). | PRAMS | Non-Medicaid | % | Percentage | 54.7 | 38.3 | 70.1 | 37 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO53 | 2 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES108 | |||
| 384470 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you got separated or divorced from your husband or partner | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.8 | 80.3 | 90 | 302 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO201 | 47 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES23 | |||
| 384471 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 7.7 | 6 | 9.9 | 71 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 27 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES41 | |||
| 384472 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother currently smokes | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 85.3 | 79.6 | 89.7 | 492 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO32 | 40 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 384473 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from a business, fees, dividends or rental income | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 92.2 | 82.6 | 96.8 | 63 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO302 | 49 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES24 | |||
| 384474 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- didn't mind getting pregnant | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 43.5 | 28.6 | 59.6 | 25 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO161 | 28 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES24 | |||
| 384475 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 95 | 93.3 | 96.3 | 884 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 10 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES24 | |||
| 384476 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | Just before you got pregnant when did you want to become pregnant? | PRAMS | SOONER | % | Percentage | 31.2 | 27.6 | 35 | 272 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO13 | 24 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES110 | |||
| 384477 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born a close family member was very sick and had to go into the hospital | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 28.5 | 22.8 | 35 | 91 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO204 | 31 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES40 | |||
| 384478 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | Indicator of whether an HIV test was refused among women offered the test | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 30.9 | 21.7 | 41.8 | 26 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO142 | 15 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 384479 | 2008 | NE | Nebraska | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 88.5 | 85.6 | 90.9 | 756 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (41.641040988001°, -99.365720623°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 31 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 384480 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | NO PREV LIVE BRTH | % | Percentage | 51.3 | 42.4 | 60.1 | 96 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 25 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES59 | |||
| 384481 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | NONSMOKR RESUMED | % | Percentage | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2.2 | 1 | INADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO194 | 24 | PNC2 | BOC18 | RES29 | |||
| 384482 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Preconception Morbidity | During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby did you have anemia (poor blood low iron)? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 92.6 | 89.9 | 94.7 | 638 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP42 | QUO132 | 54 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 384483 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did your water break more than 3 weeks before your due date (premature rupture of membranes PROM) during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 93.7 | 91.5 | 95.3 | 484 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO158 | 5 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 384484 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | When you got pregnant with your new baby were you trying to become pregnant? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 40.7 | 31.1 | 51.1 | 44 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO257 | 26 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 384485 | 2008 | AR | Arkansas | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Just before you got pregnant were you on Medicaid? (years 2000 - 2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 4 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (34.748650124°, -92.274490743°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO17 | 5 | BOC4 | BOC4 | |||||||
| 384486 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - some other source (years 2004-2011) | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 3.2 | 2.2 | 4.7 | 52 | Age 18 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO306 | 25 | AGE1844ALL | BOC16 | RES41 | |||
| 384487 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | How many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day now? | PRAMS | 6-10/day | % | Percentage | 8.7 | 3.6 | 19.3 | 9 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO195 | 53 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES13 | |||
| 384488 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Delivery | Hospital Length of Stay | Indicator of baby born in a hospital | PRAMS | STILL HOSP | % | Percentage | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 3 | Unintended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA6 | TOP9 | QUO168 | 2 | IND2 | BOC11 | RES36 | |||
| 384489 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 6-10/day | % | Percentage | 1.4 | 0.3 | 6.2 | 3 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 44 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES13 | |||
| 384490 | 2008 | WA | Washington | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the last three months of pregnancy to the postpartum period | PRAMS | #CIGS SAME/MORE | % | Percentage | 19.8 | 11.6 | 31.8 | 23 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (47.522278629°, -120.47001079°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO192 | 53 | AYR1 | BOC4 | RES2 | |||
| 384491 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 41+/day | % | Percentage | 1.2 | 0.2 | 8.2 | 1 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 47 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES12 | |||
| 384492 | 2008 | VT | Vermont | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - aid such as TANF, welfare, WIC, Food Stamps, or SSI (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 17.9 | 14.6 | 21.7 | 95 | 0 | Number of Previous Live Births | (43.625381239°, -72.517640791°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO299 | 50 | PRV0 | BOC20 | RES40 | |||
| 384493 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | (*PCH) Indicator of postpartum contraception use | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 82.7 | 79.2 | 85.7 | 846 | MARRIED | Marital Status | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO2 | 24 | MA1 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 384494 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Family Planning | Pregnancy Intention | When you got pregnant with your new baby were you trying to become pregnant? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 67 | 60.2 | 73.1 | 292 | 12 yrs | Maternal Education | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA4 | TOP17 | QUO257 | 39 | 12YR3 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 384495 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | (*PCH) Indicator of no birth control use at conception for those not trying to get pregnant | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 57.7 | 50.7 | 64.4 | 164 | Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO241 | 26 | SMK2 | BOC12 | RES40 | |||
| 384496 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have high blood pressure during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 87.3 | 84.9 | 89.3 | 1060 | None | None | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO238 | 44 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES23 | |||
| 384497 | 2008 | TN | Tennessee | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - some other reason | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 680 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (35.68094058°, -85.774490914°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO83 | 47 | BOC13 | BOC13 | |||||||
| 384498 | 2008 | CO | Colorado | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | STOMACH | % | Percentage | 7.1 | 5.3 | 9.4 | 97 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (38.843840757°, -106.133610921°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 8 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES68 | |||
| 384499 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - couldnÂ’t take time off from work (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 17.6 | 11.8 | 25.5 | 26 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO285 | 37 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 384500 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Total number of stressors reported grouped as none 1-2 3-5 and 6-13. | PRAMS | "1-2" | % | Percentage | 45.4 | 41.9 | 48.9 | 413 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO211 | 34 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES121 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
