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CDC PRAMStat Data for 2008
| Row number | Year | LocationAbbr | LocationDesc | Class | Topic | Question | DataSource | Response | Data_Value_Unit | Data_Value_Type | Data_Value | Data_Value_Footnote_Symbol | Data_Value_Footnote | Data_Value_Std_Err | Low_Confidence_Limit | High_Confidence_Limit | Sample_Size | Break_Out | Break_Out_Category | Geolocation | ClassId | TopicId | QuestionId | LocationId | BreakOutId | BreakOutCategoryid | ResponseId |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 385201 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | History of previous live births | PRAMS | NO PREV LIVE BRTH | % | Percentage | 54.6 | 46.9 | 62 | 113 | 20-24 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO173 | 55 | AYR4 | BOC4 | RES59 | |||
| 385202 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any emotional-related stressors reported | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 73.6 | 67.2 | 79.1 | 260 | Age 25 - 29 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO202 | 24 | AGE3 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 385203 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | BACK/STOMACH | % | Percentage | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 4 | ADEQUATE PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 2 | PNC1 | BOC18 | RES64 | |||
| 385204 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Maternal Experiences | Stress | Indicator of any financial-related stressors reported | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 56.4 | 52.1 | 60.5 | 384 | 20-29 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO203 | 34 | AYR2 | BOC19 | RES40 | |||
| 385205 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - child support or alimony | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 94.3 | 92.5 | 95.6 | 1063 | None | None | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO301 | 23 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES24 | |||
| 385206 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 37 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Number of Previous Live Births | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 13 | BOC20 | BOC20 | |||||||
| 385207 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Family Planning | Contraception - Conception | Reason for not using contraception at conception- problems getting birth control | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 96.9 | 89.5 | 99.2 | 101 | Age 30 - 44 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA4 | TOP4 | QUO159 | 44 | AGE4 | BOC17 | RES24 | |||
| 385208 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Change in smoking from the three months before pregnancy to the last three months of pregnancy | PRAMS | #CIGS REDUCED | % | Percentage | 10.1 | 7.9 | 12.8 | 82 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO193 | 37 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES1 | |||
| 385209 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about getting your blood tested for HIV? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 82.8 | 80.6 | 84.9 | 1199 | None | None | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO39 | 34 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 385210 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $50,000 or more | % | Percentage | 31.1 | 18.2 | 47.8 | 17 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 2 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES7 | |||
| 385211 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - money from family or friends | PRAMS | YES (CHECKED) | % | Percentage | 10.2 | 7.9 | 13 | 92 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO303 | 54 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES41 | |||
| 385212 | 2008 | NC | North Carolina | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 1-5/day | % | Percentage | 5.1 | 3.3 | 7.6 | 29 | OTHER | Marital Status | (35.466220975°, -79.159250463°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 37 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES10 | |||
| 385213 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Mental Health | (*PCH) Indicator of whether mother reported frequent postpartum depressive symptoms(years 2004 - 2008). | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 12.7 | 10.4 | 15.4 | 156 | None | None | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP32 | QUO74 | 36 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 385214 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Family Planning | Contraception - Postpartum | Reason for not using postpartum contraception - not having sex | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 76.8 | 68.5 | 83.4 | 116 | 1 or more | Number of Previous Live Births | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA4 | TOP49 | QUO82 | 49 | PRV1 | BOC20 | RES24 | |||
| 385215 | 2008 | MN | Minnesota | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have any severe nausea vomiting or dehydration during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 16.5 | 11 | 23.9 | 68 | Other non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (46.355648736°, -94.794200503°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO156 | 27 | ETH3 | BOC6 | RES40 | |||
| 385216 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Infant Health | Pregnancy Outcome | Indicator of infant currently alive | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 99.5 | 99.2 | 99.7 | 1009 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA8 | TOP43 | QUO143 | 24 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 385217 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Insurance Coverage | (*PCH) Indicator of health insurance coverage in the month before pregnancy (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 15.4 | 10.2 | 22.5 | 20 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA10 | TOP30 | QUO227 | 15 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 385218 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born you argued with your husband or partner more than usual | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 73.6 | 69.5 | 77.4 | 1027 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO197 | 40 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 385219 | 2008 | AK | Alaska | Maternal Experiences | Abuse - Physical | During your most recent pregnancy did your husband or partner physically hurt you in any way? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 96.8 | 92.6 | 98.6 | 254 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (64.845079957001°, -147.722059036°) | CLA12 | TOP1 | QUO21 | 2 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 385220 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | Indicator of whether mother reported having any alcoholic drinks during the last 3 months of pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.6 | 3.4 | 6.1 | 49 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO9 | 49 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES40 | |||
| 385221 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | (*PCH) Indicator of previous preterm birth | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 91.1 | 86.8 | 94.1 | 222 | 30+ yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO176 | 23 | AYR3 | BOC19 | RES23 | |||
| 385222 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the 3 months before you got pregnant how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | 1-5/day | % | Percentage | 7.4 | 4.7 | 11.7 | 30 | OTHER | Marital Status | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO190 | 36 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES10 | |||
| 385223 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a blood transfusion during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 97.6 | 96 | 98.5 | 1026 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO237 | 28 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 385224 | 2008 | NJ | New Jersey | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about using a seat belt during your pregnancy ? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 42.5 | 37.1 | 48.1 | 148 | Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (40.130570048°, -74.273691288°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO36 | 34 | HIS1 | BOC8 | RES23 | |||
| 385225 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Experiences | Pregnancy Recognition | Pregnancy Confirmation after the First Trimester | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 4.4 | 2.8 | 6.9 | 30 | 25-34 yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA12 | TOP18 | QUO34 | 55 | AYR5 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 385226 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Demographics | Income | Source of household income - aid such as TANF, welfare, WIC, Food Stamps, or SSI (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | Not available if the unweighted sample size was less than 30. | Age 45+ | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO299 | 26 | AGE5 | BOC17 | RES40 | ||||||
| 385227 | 2008 | OR | Oregon | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | (*PCH) Indicator for whether mother smoked during the three months before getting pregnant | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 32.4 | 27.2 | 38.2 | 225 | Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (44.567449424°, -120.155031326°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO30 | 41 | MED1 | BOC9 | RES40 | |||
| 385228 | 2008 | GA | Georgia | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? | PRAMS | BACK | % | Percentage | 67.4 | 58.3 | 75.4 | 164 | $50,000 or more | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (32.839681093°, -83.627580346°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO328 | 13 | INC38 | BOC14 | RES63 | |||
| 385229 | 2008 | HI | Hawaii | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in the past 2 years? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 12.6 | 9.4 | 16.7 | 43 | 35+ yrs | Maternal Age (4 Levels) | (21.304850435°, -157.857749403°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO329 | 15 | AYR6 | BOC4 | RES40 | |||
| 385230 | 2008 | OH | Ohio | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner said he did not want you to be pregnant. | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 19.8 | 15.8 | 24.5 | 140 | OTHER | Marital Status | (40.060210141°, -82.404260056°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO33 | 39 | MA2 | BOC3 | RES40 | |||
| 385231 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Payment | Indicator of whether other sources paid for prenatal care | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 98.6 | 94.8 | 99.6 | 153 | Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA11 | TOP58 | QUO324 | 36 | ETH2 | BOC6 | RES24 | |||
| 385232 | 2008 | ME | Maine | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Initiation | Did you get prenatal care as early in your pregnancy as you wanted? (years 2000-2008) | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 14.9 | 11.3 | 19.5 | 72 | Age 18 - 24 | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years in groupings | (45.254228894001°, -68.985031336°) | CLA11 | TOP20 | QUO296 | 23 | AGE2 | BOC17 | RES23 | |||
| 385233 | 2008 | MA | Massachusetts | Maternal Experiences | Stress | In the 12 months before your baby was born your husband or partner lost his job | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 81.6 | 73.4 | 87.7 | 215 | Less than $10,000 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (42.27687047°, -72.082690675°) | CLA12 | TOP48 | QUO208 | 25 | INC39 | BOC14 | RES23 | |||
| 385234 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Infant Health | Breastfeeding | Indicator of whether mother was still breastfeeding 4 weeks after delivery. | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 27.7 | 24.2 | 31.5 | 359 | Non-Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA8 | TOP3 | QUO4 | 24 | SMK1 | BOC13 | RES23 | |||
| 385235 | 2008 | RI | Rhode Island | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Indicator of whether mother received Medicaid coverage for prenatal care. | PRAMS | NO (UNCHECKED) | % | Percentage | 31.1 | 24.8 | 38.2 | 77 | $10,000 to $24,999 | Income (years 2004 and beyond) | (41.708280193°, -71.522470314°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO25 | 44 | INC36 | BOC14 | RES24 | |||
| 385236 | 2008 | MS | Mississippi | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Content | During any of your prenatal care visits did a doctor nurse or other health care worker talk with you about birth control methods to use after pregnancy? | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 131 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Age - 18 to 44 years only | (32.745510099°, -89.538030825°) | CLA11 | TOP19 | QUO332 | 28 | BOC16 | BOC16 | |||||||
| 385237 | 2008 | MD | Maryland | Maternal Behavior/Health | Preconception Morbidity | During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby did you have anemia (poor blood low iron)? | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 88.8 | 85.7 | 91.3 | 1240 | Non-Smoker | Smoked 3 months before Pregnancy | (39.290580964°, -76.609260111°) | CLA9 | TOP42 | QUO132 | 24 | SMK1 | BOC12 | RES23 | |||
| 385238 | 2008 | OK | Oklahoma | Insurance/Medicaid/Services | Medicaid | Just before you got pregnant were you on Medicaid? (years 2000 - 2008) | PRAMS | % | Percentage | 20 | 1 | Missing includes not applicable, don't know, not recorded, no responses, and legitimate skips | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (35.472031356°, -97.521070214°) | CLA10 | TOP12 | QUO17 | 40 | BOC6 | BOC6 | |||||||
| 385239 | 2008 | DE | Delaware | Prenatal Care | Prenatal Care - Barriers | Barrier to prenatal care - did not want anyone to know about the pregnancy (years 2004-2008) | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 5.5 | 4.2 | 7.3 | 47 | Non-Hispanic | Mother Hispanic | (39.008830667°, -75.577741168°) | CLA11 | TOP59 | QUO286 | 10 | HIS2 | BOC8 | RES40 | |||
| 385240 | 2008 | MI | Michigan | Maternal Behavior/Health | Pregnancy History | Number of previous live births (the motherÂ’s parity classified as no previous live births or one or more previous live births). | PRAMS | 1 or more | % | Percentage | 59.1 | 55.5 | 62.6 | 499 | White, non-Hispanic | Maternal Race/Ethnicity | (44.661319543001°, -84.71439027°) | CLA9 | TOP16 | QUO26 | 26 | ETH4 | BOC6 | RES115 | |||
| 385241 | 2008 | WI | Wisconsin | Maternal Behavior/Health | Alcohol Use | (*PCH) Indicator of drinking alcohol during the three months before pregnancy | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 66.5 | 63.3 | 69.6 | 535 | None | None | (44.393191174°, -89.816370742°) | CLA9 | TOP2 | QUO8 | 55 | BOC99 | BOC99 | RES40 | |||
| 385242 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | OFTEN/ALMOST ALWAYS | % | Percentage | 10.6 | 8.3 | 13.4 | 88 | Intended | Pregnancy Intendedness | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 54 | IND1 | BOC11 | RES30 | |||
| 385243 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | How often does your new baby sleep in the same bed with you or anyone else? | PRAMS | OFTEN/ALMOST ALWAYS | % | Percentage | 14 | 11 | 17.7 | 72 | WIC | On WIC during Pregnancy | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO189 | 49 | WIC2 | BOC10 | RES30 | |||
| 385244 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | In the last 3 months of your pregnancy how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? | PRAMS | < 1/day | % | Percentage | 2.3 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 18 | LBW (<=2500g) | Birth Weight | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO191 | 54 | BWT1 | BOC1 | RES8 | |||
| 385245 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Infant Health | Sleep Behaviors | Indicator of whether baby is most often laid on his or her stomach to sleep | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 9 | 4.7 | 16.8 | 11 | UNKNOWN PNC | Adequacy of Prenatal care | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA8 | TOP23 | QUO29 | 17 | PNC4 | BOC18 | RES40 | |||
| 385246 | 2008 | NY | New York (excluding NYC) | Maternal Behavior/Health | Tobacco Use | Indicator for whether mother currently smokes | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 89.2 | 86 | 91.8 | 598 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (42.827001032°, -75.543970427°) | CLA9 | TOP27 | QUO32 | 36 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES23 | |||
| 385247 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Infant Health | Infant Health Care | Indicator of infant checkup within 1 week of hospital discharge for infants discharged within 48 hours | PRAMS | NO | % | Percentage | 11.4 | 7.9 | 16.1 | 29 | >12 yrs | Maternal Education | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA8 | TOP11 | QUO10 | 54 | 12YR2 | BOC5 | RES23 | |||
| 385248 | 2008 | UT | Utah | Demographics | Income | Income groups (years 2004 and beyond) | PRAMS | $50,000 or more | % | Percentage | 8.7 | 4.2 | 17.1 | 9 | Smoker | Smoked last 3 months of Pregnancy | (39.360700171°, -111.587130635°) | CLA2 | TOP55 | QUO64 | 49 | SMK2 | BOC13 | RES7 | |||
| 385249 | 2008 | IL | Illinois | Maternal Behavior/Health | HIV Test | At any time during your most recent pregnancy or delivery did you have a test for HIV? | PRAMS | Yes | % | Percentage | 79.8 | 72.9 | 85.3 | 146 | <20 yrs | Maternal Age (3 Levels) | (40.485010283°, -88.997710178°) | CLA9 | TOP7 | QUO14 | 17 | AYR1 | BOC19 | RES48 | |||
| 385250 | 2008 | WV | West Virginia | Maternal Behavior/Health | Morbidity - Maternal | Did you have a kidney or bladder (urinary tract) infection during your pregnancy? | PRAMS | YES | % | Percentage | 23 | 19.3 | 27.1 | 161 | Non-Medicaid | Medicaid Recipient | (38.665510202°, -80.712640135°) | CLA9 | TOP14 | QUO154 | 54 | MED2 | BOC9 | RES40 |
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Description
2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PRAMS, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, is a surveillance system collecting state-specific, population-based data on maternal attitudes and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. It is a collaborative project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state health departments. PRAMS provides data for state health officials to use to improve the health of mothers and infants. PRAMS topics include abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, preconception health, pregnancy history, prenatal-care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, WIC, Medicaid, infant health, and unintended pregnancy. Data will be updated annually as it becomes available.
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Meta
- Category
- Maternal & Child Health
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- abuse, alcohol use, contraception, breastfeeding, mental health, morbidity, obesity, pregnancy history, prenatal care, sleep behavior, smoke exposure, stress, tobacco use, wic, medicaid, reproductive health, preconception health, infant health, unintended pregnancy
- Row Label
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Reproductive Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
- Source Link
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
- License
- Public Domain
Common Core
- Contact Name
- DRH Public Inquiries
- Contact Email
- PRAMSProposals@cdc.gov
- Publisher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Public Access Level
- public
- References
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/prams/pramstat/index.html
- Issued
- 7/27/2023
- Bureau Code
- 009:20
- Program Code
- 009:020
- Described By
- https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Maternal-Child-Health/CDC-PRAMStat-Data-for-2008/4ya2-fkvt
- Homepage
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/index.htm
